The Relationship between Boundary Work Tactics and Work-Family Conflict among Working Women
Abstract
This study aims to identify the relationship between boundary work tactics (behavioral, temporal, physical and communicative) and work-family conflict among working women. A survey methodology was used in this study. This research involves the utilisation of questionnaire which was administered among one-hundred and three (103) working women currently working in a selected organisation. This study was conducted in a selected private organisation in Kuching, Sarawak. The relationship between boundary work tactics and work-family conflicts was analyzed using the Pearson’s correlation analysis test. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between behavioral tactics, temporal tactics, and communicative tactics with work-family conflict. Hence, from this study, the organisation can implement more strategic tactics to reduce work-family conflicts when the working women are challenged to balance responsibilities between their work and family.
References
Allen, T.D., Herst, D.E.L., Bruck, C.S. & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(2), 278-308.
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2011). Fifty years of labor force: Now and then. Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/6105.0Feature+Article1Oct%202011
Araujo, B. F., Tureta, C. A., & Aroujo, D. A. (2015). How do working mothers negotiate the work-home interface?. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30(5), 565-581.
Barnett, R. C., & Baruch, G. K. (1985). Women’s involvement in multiple roles and psychological distress. J Pers Soc Psychol, 49(1), 135–145.
Bagger, J., Reb, J., & Li, A. (2014). Anticipated regret in time-based work-family conflict. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29 (3), 304 – 320.
Blair, C. (2014). Japan must embrace ‘womenomics' to modernize the economy. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/women-leadership-blog/2014/oct/16/shinzo-abe-japan-women-economy-cherie-blair
Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, I. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 56(1), 249-276.
Cousins, C. R., & Tang, N. (2004). Working time and work and family conflict in the Netherlands, Sweden, and the UK. Work Employment and Society, 18(3), 531-549.
Cousins, K., & Robey, D. (2015). Managing work-life boundaries with mobile technologies. Information Technology & People, 28(1), 34 – 71.
Diyanna,Q. A., Nur Fatihah, A. B., Surena.S., Samsiah,J., Mazdan.A.A., & Rosita,H. (2016). Relationship between Flexible Working Arrangements and Quality of Work Life among Academicians in a Selected Public Institution of Higher Learning in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 1(2), 46-55.
Dhanabhakyam, M., & Malarvizhi, J. (2014). Work-family conflict and work stress among married working women in public and private sector organizations. Global Wisdom Research Publications, 7(10), 46-52.
Eleventh Malaysia Plan 2016-2020. (2015). Anchoring growth on people. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Publishers.
Greenhaus, J., & Beutell, N. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. The Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76-88.
Hill, E.J., Ferris, M., & Martinson, V. (2003). Does it matter where you work? A comparison of how three work venues (traditional office, virtual office, and home office) influence aspects of work and personal/family life.
Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(1), 220-241.
Hewitt, J.P. (2003). Symbols, objects, and meanings. In Reynolds, L.T. & Herman-Kinney, N.J. (Eds), Handbook of Symbolic Interactionism (pp. 307-325). Altamira, PA: Oxford.
Kim, J. L. S., & Ling, C. S. (2001). Work‐family conflict of women entrepreneurs in Singapore. Gender in Management: An International Journal , 16(5), 204-221.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(1), 607-610.
Kreiner, G.E., Hollensbe, E. C., & Sheep, M. L. (2009). Balancing borders and bridges: negotiating the work-home interface via boundary work tactics. Academy of Management Journal, 52(4), 704-730.
Loudon, R., & Bohle, P. (1997). Work/non-work conflict and health in shiftwork: Relationships with family status and social support. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 3(1), 571-577.
Lee, M. A., & Mather, M. (2008). U.S. labor force trends. Population Bulletin, 63(2), 1-16.
Lewis, L. (2015). A number of Japanese women in work reach a record high. Retrieved from http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/564cf97e-374e-11e5-bdbb-35e55cbae175.html#axzz3vj6Bee6D
Lo, S. (2003). Perceptions of work-family conflict among married female professionals in Hong Kong. Personnel Review, 32(3), 376 – 390.
Marcinkus, W. C., Whelan-Berry, K. S., & Gordon, J. R. (2007). The relationship of social support to the work-family balance and work outcomes of midlife women. Women in Management Review, 22(2), 86-111.
Nippert-Eng, C. E. (1996). Home and work:Negotiating boundaries through everyday life. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Patel, C. J.,Govender, V., Paruk, Z., & Ramgoon, S. (2006). Working mothers: Family-work conflicts, job performance, and family/work variables. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 32(2), 39-45.
Rantanen, J., Kinnunen, U., Mauno, S., & Tillemann, K. (2011). Introducing theoretical approaches to work-life balance and testing a new typology among professionals. Retrieved from http://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9783642161988-c1.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1034563-p174037757
Rotondo, D. M., & Kincaid, J. F. (2008). Conflict, facilitation and individual coping styles across the work and family domains. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(5), 484-506.
Stoner, C. R., Hartman, R. I., & Arora, R. (1991). Work/family conflict: A study of women in management. The Journal of Applied Business Research, 7(1), 67-74.
Smith, D.E. (1993). The standard North American family: SNAF as an ideological code. Journal of Family Issues, 14(1), 50-65.
Sullivan, T. A. (2016). Work, overwork, and the work of Randy Hodson. Research in the Sociology of Work, 28(1), 57-77.
Thoits, P.A. (1983). Multiple identities and psychological well-being: A reformulation and test of the social isolation hypothesis. American Sociological Review, 48(1), 174-187.
The Malaysian Insider. (2015). Women's participation in labor market increased last year, the report says. Retrieved from http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/female-participation-in-labour-market-increased-last-year-report-says
UNICEF Malaysia. (2005). Women’s participation in the workforce increasing. Retrieved from http://www.unicef.org/malaysia/sowc_6068.html
Voydanoff, P. (2002). Linkages between the work-family interface and work, family, and individual outcomes: An integrative model. Journal of Family Issues, 23(1), 138-164.
Wayne, J. H., Musisca, N., & Fleeson, W. (2004).Considering the role of personality in the work–family experience: Relationships of the big five to work–family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 64(1), 108–130.
Wilson, M. G., Polzer-Debruyne, A., Chen, S., & Fernandes, S. (2007). Shift work interventions for reduced work-family conflict. Employee Relations, 29(2), 162 – 177.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
