ROLE OF L1 AND L2 IN THE ACQUISITION OF BAHASA INDONESIA AS A THIRD LANGUAGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.5567.2024Keywords:
third language acquisition; cross-linguistic influence; the role of language backgrounds; multilingualismAbstract
This study aims to analyse the role of L1 and L2 in the Bahasa Indonesia acquisition as L3. The participants of this study were Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) students from Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Data were collected when participants carried out conversations using Bahasa Indonesia and described pictures shown to them. The participants’ speech was analysed for language transfer and the participants’ tendencies to use L1 or L2. The results show that L1 influences the phonological shift in L3 articulation. This happens to participants’ whose L1 typology is close to L3. L1 also plays a dominant role in helping participants to master L3 vocabulary when the typology is close to L3. If the L1 typology is far from L3, L2 is the main supplier in mastering L3 vocabulary. Typology is the dominant factor in L3 acquisition. In addition, other factors, such as L2 status, working memory, and memory, influence the role of L1 and L2 but are less dominant than typology.
References
Alonso, J. G., Alemán Bañón, J., DeLuca, V., Miller, D., Pereira Soares, S. M., Puig-Mayenco, E., Slaats, S., & Rothman, J. (2020). Event related potentials at initial exposure in third language acquisition: Implications from an artificial mini-grammar study. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 56, 100939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroling.2020.100939
Amaro, C. J., Flynn, S., & Rothman, J. (2012). Third language (L3) acquisition in adulthood. In J. C. Amaro, S. Flynn, & J. Rothman (Eds.), Third language (L3) acquisition in adulthood (pp. 1–6). John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1075/sibil.46.02ama
Bardel, C. & Sánchez, L. (eds.). 2020. Third language acquisition: Age, proficiency and multilingualism (Eurosla Studies 3). Language Science Press Cenoz, J. (2001). The effect of linguistic distance, L2 status and age on cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition. In J. Cenoz, B. Hufeisen, & U. Jessner (Eds.), Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: Psycholinguistic perspectives (pp. 8-20). Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Cenoz, J., Hufeisen, B., & Jessner, U. (2001). Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: Psycholinguistic perspectives. Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781853595509 Chapakiya, S. (2020). The phonological of Patani Malay dialect: An analysis of autosegmental theory. Indonesian Journal of Education, Social Sciences and Research (IJESSR), 1(2), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.30596/ijessr.v1i2.5033 De Angelis, G. (2007). Third or additional language acquisition. Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847690050
Ding, H., & Ding, A.-Q. (2021). A review of foreign studies on third language acquisition. Social Science, Education and Human Science. https://doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/ehla2021/35680
Falk, Y., & Lindqvist, C. (2019). L1 and L2 role assignment in L3 learning. Is there a pattern? International Journal of Multilingualism, 16(4), 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2018.1444044
Fernandes, M. H. B., & Brito, K. S. (2007). Speaking models: From Levelt’s monolingual to Williams & Hammarberg’s Polyglot. In A. S. Rauber, M. A. Watkins, & B. O. Baptista (Eds.). New Sounds 2007: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on the acquisition of second language speech (pp. 207-221). Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis. Gass, S. M., & Mackey, A. (2007). Data elicitation for second and foreign language research (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203826102
Hamid, Z. (2011). Peranan teori psikolinguistik dalam pemurnian dan pemerkasaan pendidikan bahasa Melayu di Malaysia. Jurnal E-Bangi, 6(2), 183–192.
Hammarberg, B. (2001). Roles of L1 and L2 in L3 production and acquisition. In J. Cenoz, B. Hufeisen, & U. Jessner (Eds.), Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: psycholinguistic perspectives, (pp. 21–41). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Hammarberg, B. (2014). Problems in defining the concepts of L1, L2 and L3. Teaching and learning in multilingual contexts: Sociolinguistic and educational perspectives, 96, 3-18. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783091263-003
Hammarberg, B. (2018). L3, the tertiary language. In A. Bonnet, & P. Siemund (Eds.), Foreign language education in multilingual classrooms, (pp. 127–150). John Benjamins Publishing.
Jin, F. (2009). Third language acquisition of Norwegian objects: Interlanguage transfer or L1 influence. In Y. I. Leung (Ed.), Third language acquisition and universal grammar (pp. 144–161). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847691323-010
Kholiq, A., & Luthfiyati, D. (2020). Lexical transfer in Indonesian language acquisition as the third language. Gramatika STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, 6(2), 138–154. https://doi.org/10.22202/jg.2020.v6i2.4143
Kulundary, V., & Gabriele, A. (2012). Examining the role of L2 syntactic development in L3 acquisition. In J. C. Amaro, S. Flynn, & J. Rothman (Eds.), Third language acquisition in adulthood (Vol. 46, pp. 195-222). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1075/sibil.46.13kul
Llama, R., Cardoso, W., & Collins, L. (2010). The influence of language distance and language status on the acquisition of L3 phonology. International Journal of Multilingualism, 7(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710902972255
Mahdun, M., Chan, M. Y., Yap, N. T., Mohd Kasim, Z., & Wong, B. E. (2022). Production errors and interlanguage development patterns of L1 Malay ESL Learners in the acquisition of the English passive. Issues in Language Studies, 11(1), 74–90. https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.4023.2022
Rothman, J., Amaro, J., & De Bot, K. (2013). Third language acquisition. In J. Herschensohn & M. Young-Scholten (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of second language acquisition. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139051729.023
Shekari, E., & Schwieter, J. W. (2019). Factors affecting multilingual processing. In J. W. Schwieter, & M. Paradis (Eds.), The handbook of the neuroscience of multilingualism (pp. 372–388). John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119387725.ch18
Smith, M. S., & Kellerman, E. (1986). Cross-linguistic influence in second language acquisition. Pergamon Press.
Tay, L., & Cheung, Y. L. (2019). Second and foreign language writing and computer-mediated communication: A qualitative meta-synthesis of recent research. Issues in Language Studies, 8(2), 79–95. https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.1477.2019
Williams, S., & Hammarberg, B. (1998). Language switches in L3 production: Implications for a polyglot speaking model. Applied Linguistics, 19(3), 295–333. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/19.3.295
Wrembel, M. (2010). L2-accented speech in L3 production. International Journal of Multilingualism, 7(1), 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710902972263
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 UNIMAS Publisher
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.