Keywords
tatabahasa
Bahasa Melayu
pelajar asing
How to Cite
Abstract
Kajian ini menghuraikan kesalahan tatabahasa dalam kalangan pelajar antarabangsa di Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS). Objektif utama kajian ini ialah mengenal pasti jenis-jenis kesalahan tatabahasa dalam aspek penulisan. Data kajian diperolehi dari bahagian penulisan dalam kertas jawapan para pelajar untuk kursus Bahasa Melayu Komunikasi Lanjutan pada peperiksaan akhir. Pendekatan analisis kontrastif dan analisis kesalahan diaplikasikan dalam menganalisis penulisan pelajar asing yang terlibat dalam kajian ini. Terdapat 38 orang pelajar yang terlibat dan mereka berasal dari negara Bangladesh, Jepun, Morocco, Tajikistan, Afrika, China, Indonesia dan Brunei. Terdapat 215 kesalahan tatabahasa yang telah dikenal pasti dalam kajian ini. Kesalahan tersebut dikategorikan kepada 2 aspek, aspek pertama ialah morfologi yang merangkumi kesalahan ortografi 76%, dan leksikal 1%. Manakala yang kedua ialah aspek sintaksis yang merangkumi unsur kelewahan 15%, hukum D-M 8%. Peratusan menunjukkan kesalahan ortografi mencatatkan kekerapan yang paling tinggi. Kesalahan ortografi dibahagikan kepada 3 kategori berdasarkan proses yang berlaku iaitu penukaran huruf dengan huruf lain (^), penambahan huruf dalam perkataan (^^) dan pengguguran huruf dalam perkataan (^^^). Kesalahan ini dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang negara dan bahasa ibunda yang berbeza. Kajian ini turut mencadangkan penekanan dan bimbingan yang berbeza perlu diberikan kepada para pelajar yang terdiri daripada pelbagai latar belakang. Justeru teknik pengajaran seperti memberi ganjaran (seperti pujian) serta kepelbagaian strategi pengajaran yang menarik berasaskan teknologi dapat meningkat motivasi dalam mempelajari bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa asing.
References
Awang Sariyan (1996). Warna dan suasana. Perancangan Bahasa Melayu di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Corder, S. P. (1974). The significance of learners' errors. Dlm. J. C Richards (pnyt.), Error analysis: Perspectives on second language acquisition. London: Longman.
Fries, C. C. (1945). Teaching and learning of English as a foreign language. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
Jian, M. P. (1974). Error analysis: Source, cause and significance. Dlm. J. C. Richards (pnyt.), Error analysis: Perspectives on second language acquisition. London: Longman.
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. (2007). Kamus Dewan edisi keempat. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Matthews, P.H. (1991). Morphology. New York: Cambrige University.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139166485
Medan Sandra Kasih. (2003). Analisis kontrastif dan keanekabahasaan. Jurnal Bahasa, 47(10), 36-40.
Nik Safiah Karim, Farid M. Onn, Hashim Haji Musa & Abdul Hamid Mahmood (pnyt). (2015). Tatabahasa Dewan edisi ketiga. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Norehan Muhamad. (2009). Analisis kesilapan: Satu kajian terhadap karangan murid murid Orang Asli. Jurnal Penyelidikan DEDIKASI, 1, 119-136.
Rasid Mail & Raman Noordin. (2015). Penyelidikan Peringkat Sarjana, Pendekatan Kualitatif sebagai Altenatif. Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia: Penerbit Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
Richards, J. C. (pnyt.) (1974). Error analysis: Perspectives on second language acquisition. London: Longman.
Sidek Mohd Noah. (2002). Reka bentuk penyelidikan falsafah, teori dan praktis. Selangor, Malaysia: Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Ting, S. H., Mahadhir, M., & Chang, S. L. (2010). Grammatical errors in spoken English of university students in oral communication course. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 10(1), 53-70.
Yong, C. C., & Subramaniam, V. (2012). Analisis kesilapan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu oleh pelajar asing. GEMA OnlineTM Journal of Language Studies, 12(2), 667-692.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.