Examining the redundancy effect in a multimedia presentation on retention of French vocabulary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.1659.2014Abstract
The present study examined the effect of redundancy in the multimedia presentation on retention of French vocabulary. In the experiment, 40 undergraduate students who had been identified as having a low level of knowledge of the French language (determined through a prior-conducted pre-test) were asked to learn a series of French words using either one of two types of multimedia presentation: AN (animation and narration) or ANT (animation, narration and on-screen text). Results of an independent t-test performed on the post-test scores showed that both the AN and ANT groups performed significantly better in the post-test than in the pre-test. Nevertheless, the ANT group showed a higher increase in retention performance, indicating that the additional multimedia elements used in the ANT presentation had significantly improved the retention of French vocabulary. This result was consistent with the information delivery hypothesis but was not in accordance with the redundancy principle. The present finding could provide insights to learners and educators of alternative methods of learning and teaching foreign languages (such as French) which can enhance memory retention.
References
Baddeley, A. (1992). Working memory. Science, 255, 556-559.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1736359
Borras, I., & Lafayette, R. C. (1994). Effects of multimedia courseware subtitling on the speaking performance of college students of French. The Modern Language Journal, 78, 61-75.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1994.tb02015.x
Clark, J. M., & Paivio, A. (1991). Dual coding theory and education. Educational Psychology Review, 3, 149-210.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01320076
Cowards, F. L.; Crooks, S. M.; Flores, R., & Dao, D. (2012). Examining the effect of gender and presentation mode on learning from a multimedia presentation. Multidisciplinary Journal of Gender Studies, 1, 4869. doi: 10.4471/generos.2012.03
Grace, C. (1998). Retention of word meanings inferred from context and sentence-level translations: implications for the design of beginning-level CALL software. The Modern Language Journal, 82, 533-544.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1998.tb05541.x
Huang, C. H., & Chen, P.C. (2011). Enhancing EFL learners' vocabulary retention by Integrating new words into writing activities. Retrieved from http://140.127.82.166/retrieve/11975/62.pdf
Kalyuga, S., Chandler, P., & Sweller, J. (1999). Managing split-attention and redundancy in multimedia instruction. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 13, 351-371. Kalyuga, S., Chandler, P., & Sweller, J. (2004). When redundant on-screen text in multimedia technical instruction can interfere with learning. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 46, 567-581. doi:10.1518/hfes.46.3.567.50405
https://doi.org/10.1518/hfes.46.3.567.50405
Kim, D., & Gilman, D. A. (2008). Effects of text, audio, and graphic aids in multimedia
instruction for vocabulary learning. Educational Technology & Society, 11, 114-126.
Mayer, R. E., Heiser, J., & Lonn, S. (2001). Cognitive constraints on multimedia learning: When presenting more material results in less understanding. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 187-198. doi: 10.1037//0022-0663.93.1.187
https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-0663.93.1.187
Mayer, R. E. (2005). Introduction to multimedia learning. In R. E. Mayer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning, (pp. 1-15). New York: Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816819.002
Moreno, R., & Mayer, R. E. (2002). Verbal redundancy in multimedia learning: When reading helps listening. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94, 156-163. Doi: 10.1037//0022-0663.94.1.156
https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-0663.94.1.156
Paivio, A., Clark, J. M., & Lambert, W. E. (1988). Bilingual dual-coding theory and semantic repetition effects on recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 163-172.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.14.1.163
Plass, J. L., & Jones, L. C. (2005). Multimedia learning in second language acquisition. In R. Mayer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning (pp. 467-488). New York: Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816819.030
Samur, Y. (2012). Redundancy effect on retention of vocabulary words using multimedia presentation. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43, 166-170. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01320.x
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01320.x
Sweller, J. (2005). The redundancy principle in multimedia learning. In R. E. Mayer (Ed.), the Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning (pp. 159-167). New York: Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816819.011
Zubairi, A. M., & Sarudin, I. H. (2009). Motivation to learn a foreign language in Malaysia. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 9, 73-87.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
