Evaluation of Acacia Mangium in Structural Size at Green Condition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.90.2011Abstract
Acacia mangium is one of the most popular choices in the reforestation and rehabilitation of abandoned shifting cultivation areas dated back to the 70’s. This paper looks into the evaluation of mechanical strength and physical properties in structural size at green condition for Acacia mangium. The mechanical strength properties tests were referred to the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength. Meanwhile, physical properties determination referred to basic density and moisture content. At green condition, Acacia mangium had been identified under the strength group SG6. It was found that strength value of modulus of rupture was higher than the tensile strength value with 44% stronger in bending compared to in tension. At the structural size, the mean value for moisture content and basic density at green condition were reported with 73.03% and 0.54g/cm3 respectively.
References
Alik, D. & Kuroda, N.,1996. The Relationship Between Basic Density and Mechanical Strength Properties of Some Sarawak Timbers. Proceedings of TRTTC/STA Forest Products Seminar 96. Kuching, Sarawak. March 11-13, p.117-127.
Alik, D. & Nakai, T., 1997a. Preliminary Study for Stuructural Grading Based on Full Size Bending Test of Resak, Durian and Keruing Utap of Sarawak. Proceedings of the International Tropical Wood Conference, Kuala Lumpur. June 17-20, p.252-260.
Alik Duju (1999), Strength Properties of Acacia mangium Grown in Sarawak. TRTTC/STA, Forest Products Seminar, 12-14 October 1999, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 160pp.
Alik, D., & Nakai, T. 2000. Mechanical Properties of Acacia mangium Planted in Sarawak, Malaysia. Paper Presented in the XXI IUFRO World Congress 2000. Kuala Lumpur August 7-12.
Anon., 1979. British Standard 5820:1979. Methods of Test for Determination of Certain Physical and Mechanical Properties of Timber in Structural Sizes. British Standard Institution.
Anon,. Malaysian Standard-Code of Practice for Structural Use of Timber: MS 544: Part 2:2001 . Department Of Standards Malaysia.
Anon., 1984. The Malaysian Grading Rules for Sawn Hardwood Timber. Ministry of Primary Industries.
Anon., 1995. Timber Engineering Step 1. Basic of Design, Material Properties, Structural Components and Joints. Centrum Hout. Netherlands.C19/9.
Anon., 1995. Wood Handbook. Forest Products Laboratory. U.S Department of Agriculture Handbook No.72. U.S Government Printing Office.Washington.
Anon., 1999a. Wood Handbook. Wood as an Engineering Material. Forest Products Laboratory. Report FPL-GTR-113. USA, Washington. p.19-14.
Chu, Y.P.,Ho, K.S., Mohd, S. M. & Abdul, R. A. M., 1997. Timber Design Handbook. Malayan Forest Records No.42. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. 288 pp.
Christine, J.H. 1988. The Ecology of an Acacia mangium Plantation Established after Shifting Cultivation in Niah Forest Reserve. Forest research report. Forest Department Sarawak.
Desch, H. E. & Dinwoodie, J.M., 1981. Timber Its Structure, Properties and Utilisation. 6th Edition. Macmillan Press Limited. 410 p.
Gurfinkel, G., 1973. Wood Engineering. Southern Forest Products Association. Upon Printing Co. USA.
Hoffmeyer, P., 1978. Moisture Content Strength Relationship for Spruce Lumber Subjected to Bending, Compression and Tension along the Grain. Proceedings of IUFRO Timber Engineering Conference, Vancouver, B.C. Canada.
http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/sites/TreeDBS/aft/speciesPrinterFriendly.asp?Id=69 . Visited on November 19, 2008.
Jozsa, L.A. & Middleton, G. R., 1994. A Discussion of Wood Quality Attributes and their Practical Implication. Forintek Canada Corp. Natural Resources Canada and British Columbia Ministry of Forests.
Madsen, B., 1975. Moisture Content Strength Relationship for Lumber Subjected to Bending. Structural Research Series Report No.11. Department of Structural Engineering. U.B.C Vancouver, Canada.
https://doi.org/10.1139/l75-043
Madsen, B., Janzen, W. & Zwaagstra, T., 1980. Moisture Effects in Lumber. Structural Research Series Report No. 27. Department of Structural Engineering. U.B.C Vancouver, Canada.
Pearson, R.G., Kloot, N. H. & Boyd, J. D. 1962. Timber Engineering Design Handbook. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia. Jacaranda Press. 264 p.
Tham, C.K. 1978. Introduction to a Plantation Species - Acacia Mangium Willd. Proceedings of the 6th Malaysian Forestry Conference, 1976, Kuching, Sarawak. Vol.2:153-158.
Zink, A.G. 1993. Stress Analysis of Wood with Knots. Systems Approach to Wood Structures. Proceedings from the Wood Engineering Division Sessions at the 1993 Annual Meeting of the Forest Products Society. June 20-23.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
During the manuscript submission process, the corresponding author, on behalf of all authors, will be asked to agree to the terms of the Open Access Publishing Agreement by checking the designated agreement box (see Copyright & Licensing for more information).
Open Access Publishing Agreement
1) By agreeing to these terms, the author(s) retain full copyright and grant UNIMAS Publisher the right of first publication. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract, or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and refer to the publication in the Journal.
2) The author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) The author(s) are responsible for ensuring their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or proprietary right of others. The corresponding author has obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If the submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained permission from the copyright owners.
4) By agreeing to this statement, the author(s) declare that the research which they have conducted complies with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving humans or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from the Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by the Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
5) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that they have no commercial attachments (e.g., patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor(s) or UNIMAS Publisher.