INVESTIGATION OF DRAINAGE IN URBAN AREA USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE CASE OF NEKEMTE TOWN
Abstract
Drainage is an important aspect of the urban, rural, forest, and agricultural environments as it aids in the removal of excess water volume. In Nekemte town, where this study is conducted, different drainage problems are encountered in different places. Most drainage structures built in this area were built without a thorough drainage investigation, causing a slew of issues for the people who lived there, particularly during the rainy season. The problems that increase the drainage problems from time to time in Nekemte town were caused by the illegal use of drainage structures (components) like pipes, culverts, and ditches, and their consequence is the overflow of water because of illegal waste (solid waste) in the drainage lines. The objective of this study was to investigate drainage problems using ArcGIS software in the case of Nekemte town. To achieve this objective, a digital elevation model of the area was created from contours. Different hydrological patterns were developed using the ArcGIS hydrology tool and combined with other tools to identify cross-drainage requirements. In the study area, there are ten (10) watersheds and an outlet (pour point). Three (3) stream orders exist in the study area. Protected areas are those that are at least fifty (50) meters from the stream network. The watershed, road (current and proposed), low drainage density, and stream order are all considered when calculating an area’s cross-drainage requirement. In the study zone, there are cross-drainage requirements in twenty (20) different places. Seventeen (17) of those cross-drainages lead to exits in the protected zone. The discharge of the area is also computed using the rational method. In general, this study found that cross drainage between Wollega and the stadium is inadequate and improperly placed.
References
Diani, K., Tabyaoui, H., Kacimi, I., El Hammichi, F., & Nakhcha, C. (2017). Stream Network Modelling from Aster GDEM Using ArcHydro GIS: Application to the Upper Moulouya River Basin (Eastern, Morocco). Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 05(05), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2017.55001
Mumford, L. (1961). The city in history: Its origins, its transformations, and its prospects (Vol. 67). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
Desa, M. N. M., & Niemczynowicz, J. (1997). Dynamics of short rainfall storms in a small scale urban area in Coly Limper, Malaysia. Atmospheric Research, 44(3–4), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(97)00017-3
Daba, M. H., Bazi, Z., & Belay, A. (2018). Effects of climate change on soil and water resources: A review. Journal of Environmental and Earth Science, 8(7), 71–80.
Parkinson, J. (2003). Drainage and stormwater management strategies for low-income urban communities. Environment and Urbanization, 15(2), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1177/095624780301500203
Laskar, J. (1996). Marginal stability and chaos in the solar system. Symposium - International Astronomical Union, 172, 75–88. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0074180900127160
Kumar, M. D. (2018). Thanking “Rainwater Harvesting” and Blaming the Rain God. In Water Policy Science and Politics (pp. 141–153). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814903-4.00009-9
Department of Energy and Water Supply. (2007). Queensland Urban Drainage Manual, 1(2). Retrieved from https://docplayer.net/14756934
Goldberg, S. I., & Samuel, L. (1980). Tensor analysis on manifolds. New York: Macmillan.
Wubshet, B. (2015). Risks and Risk Management of Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit System Project. Retrieved from http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/18404
Belete, D. A. (2011). Road and urban storm water drainage network integration in Addis Ababa: Addis Ketema Sub-city. Journal of Engineering and technology research, 3(7), 217–225.
Kebede Warati, G. (2015). Assessment of the Effect of Urban Road Surface Drainage: A Case Study at Ginjo Guduru Kebele of Jimma Town. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 3(4), 194. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.20
Makki, Z. F. (2012). Geographical Information Systems in Analysis and Enhancement for Problems Solving and Decision Making. Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master Degree in Computer Information Systems Department of Computer Information Systems Faculty of Information Technology Middle East University Amman, Jordan.
Wakjira, G., & Negasa, G. (2021). Assessment of Drainage Structure by Using ArcGIS Software: The Case of Bale Robe Town, Ethiopia. Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, 6(5), 149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20210605.14
Wayessa, S. G., Duresa, J. N., Beyene, A. A., & Regasa, M. S. (2021). Suitable Site Selection for Urban Solid Waste Disposal and Location Allocation Of Waste Collection Bin By Using Geographic Information Systems, In Case Of Nekemte Town. Journal of Building Material Science, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v3i1.3142
Lemma, A. (2007). Household Solid Waste Generation Rate and Composition: Analysis in two Selected Kebeles of Adama Town. MSc thesis, School of Graduate Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa.
UNESCO. (2004). National water development report for Ethiopia. World Water Assessment Program Addis Ababa.
Gemeda, D. O., Korecha, D., & Garedew, W. (2021). Evidences of climate change presences in the wettest parts of southwest Ethiopia. Heliyon, 7(9), e08009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08009
Geleta, G. T., Cheme, M. C., & Roro, E. M. (2019). Physical, behavioral and sociodemographic determinants of hypertension among the adult population in Nekemte town, western Ethiopia: community based study. BMC Research Notes, 12(1), 764. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4804-0
Adugna, D., Larsen, L., Lemma, B., & Sahilu, G. (2017). Low-Cost Stormwater Filtration System to Improve Urban Water Quality: The Case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 09(06), 692–705. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2017.96046
Belete, D. A. (2011). Urban Road and Drainage in Bishoftu, Ethiopia: Infrastructure Asset Management Inventory on Urban Road and Drainage in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing.
Copyright (c) 2023 UNIMAS Publisher
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Upon acceptance of an article, the corresponding author on behalf of all authors will be asked to complete and upload the Copyright Transfer Form (refer to Copyright Issues for more information on this) alongside the electronic proof file.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and refer the publication in the Journal.
2) For open-access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds the copyright or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subjected to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) are responsible to ensure their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. The corresponding author has obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If the submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare that the researches which they have conducted comply with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving humans or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from the Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that they have no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor(s) or UNIMAS Publisher.
