ADOPTION OF PEER-TO-PEER (P2P) FINTECH LENDING: A STUDY OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.8196.2024Keywords:
Fintech Lending, Socio-economic, demography, digital economyAbstract
This research examines the socio-demographic factors of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) fintech lending within the Indonesian context. This research takes three different P2P Fintech lending measures: total fintech accounts, total fintech transactions, and total fintech loan disbursement. Using provincial data from 2019 to 2022, our robust panel regression found that education, internet literacy, poverty, and gender play important roles in P2P Fintech lending, specifically the total accounts and transactions. However, the total fintech loans were only determined by education and Gender. This study contributes significantly to the digital economy literature, specifically within the fintech domain, offering valuable insights for policymakers and financial authorities in Indonesia to enhance regulatory frameworks and foster a more inclusive P2P Fintech landscape.
References
Ali, A. E. S. (2022). Overcoming Financial Inclusion Challenges Through Digital Finance. Springer Books, 119-136.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-00925-9_8
Amari, M., Salhi, B., & Jarboui, A. (2020). Evaluating the effects of socio-demographic characteristics and financial education on saving behavior. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 40(11/12), 1423-1438.
https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-03-2020-0048
Aren, S., & Hamamci, H. N. (2020). Relationship between risk aversion, risky investment intention, investment choices: Impact of personality traits and emotion. Kybernetes, 49(11), 2651-2682.
https://doi.org/10.1108/K-07-2019-0455
Babiarz, P., & Devaney, S. A. (2007). Recent Shifts in Determinants of Internet Banking Adopters: Empirical Evidence from 2001 and 2004 SCF. Consumer Internet Annual, 53.
Bapna, S., & Ganco, M. (2021). Gender gaps in equity crowdfunding: Evidence from a randomized field experiment. Management Science, 67(5), 2679-2710.
https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3644
Bazarbash, M., & Beaton, K. (2020). Filling the gap: Digital credit and financial inclusion. IMF Working Papers, 2020(150).
https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513552477.001
Brahmana, R. K., & Brahmana, R. K. (2016). The Financial Planning and Financial Literacy of ex-Malaysia Indonesian Migrant Workers. Acta Oeconomica Pragensia, 2016(5), 47-59.
https://doi.org/10.18267/j.aop.557
Brahmana, R. K., Kontesa, M., & Yau, J. T. H. (2022a). Does information seeking moderate the relationship between financial loan inclusion and Fintech P2P lending?. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 1-15.
https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-022-00192-7
Brahmana, R. K., Setiawan, D., & Trinugroho, I. (2022b). The impact of government nonmarket policy on a firm's financial performance: a lesson from COVID-19 pandemic lockdown's policy. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, (ahead-of-print). Chen, J., Zhang, Y., & Yin, Z. (2018). Education premium in the online peer-to-peer lending marketplace: Evidence from the big data in China. The Singapore Economic Review, 63(01), 45-64.
https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217590818410023
Clarke, G., Thompson, C., & Birkin, M. (2015). The emerging geography of e-commerce in British retailing. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 2(1), 371-391.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2015.1054420
Cole, S., Paulson, A., & Shastry, G. K. (2014). Smart money? The effect of education on financial outcomes. The Review of Financial Studies, 27(7), 2022-2051.
https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhu012
Dagunga, G., Amoakowaa, A., Ehiakpor, D. S., Mabe, F. N., & Danso-Abbeam, G. (2020). Interceding role of village saving groups on the welfare impact of agricultural technology adoption in the Upper East Region, Ghana. Scientific African, 8, e00433.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00433
Data Indonesia. (2022). Penduduk Unbanked Indonesia Terbesar Keempat di Dunia pada 2021. Data Indonesia. Retrieved March 12, 2024, from https://dataindonesia.id/ekonomi/detail/penduduk-unbanked-indonesia-terbesar-keempat-di-dunia-pada-2021
Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2018). The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring financial inclusion and the fintech revolution. World Bank Publications.
https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1259-0
Eagly, A. H. (1997). Sex differences in social behavior: comparing social role theory and evolutionary psychology. The American Psychologist, 52(12), 1380-1383.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.52.12.1380.b
Faber, J. W. (2019). Segregation and the cost of money: Race, poverty, and the prevalence of alternative financial institutions. Social Forces, 98(2), 819-848.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soy129
Fornero, E., & Prete, A. L. (2023). Financial education: From better personal finance to improved citizenship. Journal of Financial Literacy and Well-being, 1-16.
https://doi.org/10.1017/flw.2023.7
Gonzalez, L. (2023). Doing well while doing good? Gender effects in pro-social peer-to-peer lending. Managerial Finance, 49(4), 661-678.
https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-07-2021-0352
Kanga, D., Oughton, C., Harris, L., & Murinde, V. (2022). The diffusion of fintech, financial inclusion, and income per capita. The European Journal of Finance, 28(1), 108-136.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2021.1945646
Khera, P. (2018). Closing Gender Gaps in India: Does Increasing Womens' Access to Finance Help?. International Monetary Fund.
https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484377468.001
Kling, G., Pesqué-Cela, V., Tian, L., & Luo, D. (2022). A theory of financial inclusion and income inequality. The European Journal of Finance, 28(1), 137-157.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2020.1792960
Koenker, R., & Hallock, K. F. (2001). Quantile regression. Journal of economic perspectives, 15(4), 143-156.
https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.15.4.143
Law, S. H. (2018). Applied panel data analysis: Short panels. University Putra Malaysia Press, Serdang.
Lee, J. W. (2001). Education for technology readiness: Prospects for developing countries. Journal of human development, 2(1), 115-151.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880120050
Lee, J., Kim, J., & Choi, J. Y. (2019). The adoption of virtual reality devices: The technology acceptance model integrating enjoyment, social interaction, and strength of the social ties. Telematics and Informatics, 39, 37-48.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.12.006
Less, K.H. (2003). Faculty adoption of computer technology for instruction in the North Carolina Community College System (Doctoral dissertation, East Tennessee State University, 2003). ProQuest DigitalDissertations. (UMI No. AAT 3097072).
Lin, L., & Chen, C. (2020). The promise and perils of InsurTech. Singapore Journal of Legal Studies, (Mar 2020), 115-142.
https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3463533
Lotto, J. (2020). Understanding socio-demographic factors influencing households' financial literacy in Tanzania. Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1), 1792152. Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: evidence and implications. Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 155(1), 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2020.1792152
Mani, Z., & Chouk, I. (2018). Consumer resistance to innovation in services: challenges and barriers in the internet of things era. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 35(5), 780-807.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12463
Marrocu, E., & Paci, R. (2012). Education or creativity: What matters most for economic performance?. Economic geography, 88(4), 369-401.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01161.x
Martínez-Bravo, M. C., Sádaba-Chalezquer, C., & Serrano-Puche, J. (2020). Fifty years of digital literacy studies: A meta-research for interdisciplinary and conceptual convergence. Profesional de la información, 29(4).
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.jul.28
Medlin, B.D. (2001). The factors that may influence a faculty member's decision to adopt electronic technologies in instruction (Doctoral dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2001). ProQuest DigitalDissertations. (UMI No. AAT 3095210).
Morgan, P. J. (2022). Fintech and financial inclusion in Southeast Asia and India. Asian Economic Policy Review, 17(2), 183-208.
https://doi.org/10.1111/aepr.12379
Mumu, J. R., Saona, P., Mamun, M. A. A., & Azad, M. A. K. (2022). Is trust gender biased? A bibliometric review of trust in E-commerce. Journal of Internet Commerce, 21(2), 217-245.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2021.1927437
Munusamy, J., De Run, E., Chelliah, S., & Annamalah, S. (2012). Adoption of retail internet banking: A study of demographic factors. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 17(3).
Naicker, V., & Van Der Merwe, D. B. (2018). Managers' perception of mobile technology adoption in the Life Insurance industry. Information Technology & People, 31(2), 507-526.
https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-09-2016-0212
OJK. (2024) Statistik Fintech Lending 2024. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/iknb/data-dan-statistik/Fintech/default.aspx, accessed 12 March 2024.
Ouma, S. A., Odongo, T. M., & Were, M. (2017). Mobile financial services and financial inclusion: Is it a boon for savings mobilization?. Review of development finance, 7(1), 29-35.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2017.01.001
Pahlevan Sharif, S., Naghavi, N., Waheed, H., & Ehigiamusoe, K. U. (2022). The role of education in filling the gender gap in financial inclusion in low-income economies. International Journal of Emerging Markets.
https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-07-2021-0991
Petersen, M. A. (2009). Estimating standard errors in finance panel data sets: Comparing approaches. The Review of Financial Studies, 22(1), 435-480.
https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhn053
Rogers, E. M. (2010). Diffusion of Innovations. New York, NY: Free Press.
Sabri, M. F., & Aw, E. C. X. (2019). Financial literacy and related outcomes: The role of financial information sources. International journal of business and society, 20(1), 286-298.
Salem, M. Z., Baidoun, S., & Walsh, G. (2019). Factors affecting Palestinian customers' use of online banking services. The International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(2), 426-45
https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-08-2018-0210
Setiawan, B., Phan, T. D., Medina, J., Wieriks, M., Nathan, R. J., & Fekete-Farkas, M. (2023). Quest for financial inclusion via digital financial services (Fintech) during COVID-19 pandemic: case study of women in Indonesia. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 1-15.
https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-023-00217-9
Suryono, R. R., Budi, I., & Purwandari, B. (2021). Detection of fintech P2P lending issues in Indonesia. Heliyon, 7(4).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06782
Szirmai, A. (2005). The dynamics of socio-economic development: an introduction. Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817342
Szopiński, T. S. (2016). Factors affecting the adoption of online banking in Poland. Journal of business research, 69(11), 4763-4768. Thakor, A. V. (2020). Fintech and banking: What do we know?. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 41, 100833.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.027
Tirado-Morueta, R., Aguaded-Gómez, J. I., & Hernando-Gómez, Á. (2018). The socio-demographic divide in Internet usage moderated by digital literacy support. Technology in Society, 55, 47-55.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.06.001
Vanek, M. (2006). Fractional ownership-time to live like the rich: alternative investments. Personal Finance, 2006(303), 7.
Veerasingam, N., & Teoh, A. P. (2023). Modeling cryptocurrency investment decision: evidence from Islamic emerging market. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(7), 1817-1835.
https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-07-2021-0234
Wagner, J. (2019). Financial education and financial literacy by income and education groups. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(1), 132-141.
https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.30.1.132
Wewege, L., & Thomsett, M. C. (2019). The digital banking revolution. In The Digital Banking Revolution. De Gruyter.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9781547401598-006
World Bank. (2024) The Global Findex Database. https://globalfindex.worldbank.org/, accessed 12 March 2024.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 UNIMAS Publisher
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.