Correlation Of Internet Gaming Disorder And Impulsivity Across Gender Differences Among Malaysian Youths
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.7602.2024Keywords:
Internet gaming disorder, impulsivity, gender equalityAbstract
A significant portion of prior research has indicated that internet gamers’ impulsivity is a risk factor and effect of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in which IGD cases are gradually increasing globally. Besides, a male is more prone to develop IGD and being impulsive compared with a female historically referring from the evolutional perspectives. Yet, the empirical studies are still insufficient and inconsistent to ensure the correlation between both variables across gender. This study is aligned with the fifth Sustainable Development Goal: gender equality. This was descriptive correlational research utilised non-probability purposive sampling method. The present study expanded the existing research by indicating a positive correlation between IGD and impulsivity, where there are no gender differences among the sample of 130 Malaysian youths (70 males and 60 females) with a mean age of 20.72 years old on average (S.D. = 2.30) in relation with both variables. Findings from this study recommend future research to concentrate on features related to impulsivity as an imperative contributor to IGD.
References
Abdull-Nasser, N. M., Mohamad, M., Chan, L. F., Suppiah, S., Yusoff, A. N., Abd Hamid, A. I., Wan Ismail, W. S., & Sim, S. T. (2020). Brain activation associated with video gaming stimuli in Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) among Malaysian adolescents. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1497(1), 012030. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1497/1/012030
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1497/1/012030
Abdul-Rashid, A., Suppiah, S., Syed Nasser, N., Sharifat, H., Mohamad, M., Loh, J. L., Ibrahim, B., Ibrahim, N. S. N., Mohad Azmi, N. H., Abdul Rahim, E., Ahmad Apandi, L. M., Ab Hamid, S., Ngee Thai, Y., Ching, S. M., & Hoo, F. K. (2021). The neurobiology of smartphone addiction in emerging adults evaluated using brain morphometry and resting-state functional MRI. Neuroscience Research Notes, 4(4), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.31117/neuroscirn.v4i4.107
https://doi.org/10.31117/neuroscirn.v4i4.107
Adams, B. L. M., Stavropoulos, V., Burleigh, T. L., Liew, L. W. L., Beard, C. L., & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). Internet Gaming Disorder behaviors in emergent adulthood: A pilot study examining the interplay between anxiety and family cohesion. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(4), 828-844. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9873-0
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9873-0
Alnjadat, R., Hmaidi, M. M., Samha, T. E. D., Kilani, M. M. a. H., & Hasswan, A. (2019). Gender variations in social media usage and academic performance among the students of University of Sharjah. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 14(4), 390-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.05.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.05.002
Anthony, V., Mills, D., & Nower, L. (2020). Internet Gaming Disorder and Problematic Technology Use (1st ed.) [EBook]. Taylor Francis. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429203121-10/internet-gaming-disorder-problematic-technology-use-wen-li-vivien-anthony-devin-mills-lia-nower
https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203121-10
Azizi, S. M., Soroush, A., & Khatony, A. (2019). The relationship between social networking addiction and academic performance in Iranian students of Medical Sciences: A cross-sectional study. BMC Psychology, 7(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0305-0 Bakhshani, N.-M. (2014). Impulsivity: A predisposition toward risky behaviors. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 3(2), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.20428 Bargeron, A. H., & Hormes, J. M. (2017). Psychosocial correlates of internet gaming disorder: Psychopathology, life satisfaction, and impulsivity. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 388-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.029
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.029
Beard, C. L., Haas, A. L., Wickham, R. E., & Stavropoulos, V. (2017). Age of initiation and Internet Gaming Disorder: The role of self-esteem. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(6), 397-401. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.0011
https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.0011
Blake, E., & Sauermilch, D. (2021). Reconsidering Internet Gaming Disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 6(2), 348-351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-020-00184-1
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-020-00184-1
Blinka, L., Škařupová, K., & Mitterova, K. (2016). Dysfunctional impulsivity in online gaming addiction and engagement. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 10(3), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2016-3-5
https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2016-3-5
Bonnaire, C., & Baptista, D. (2019). Internet gaming disorder in male and female young adults: The role of alexithymia, depression, anxiety and gaming type. Psychiatry Research, 272, 521-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.158
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.158
Brand, M., Young, K., Laier, C., Wölfling, K., & Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific Internet-use disorders: An Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews/Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033
Buono, F. D., Paul, E., Sprong, M. E., Smith, E. C., Garakani, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Gaming and gaming disorder: A mediation model gender, salience, age of gaming onset, and time spent gaming. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 23(9), 647-651. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0445
https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0445
Campbell, A., & Muncer, S. (2009). Can 'risky' impulsivity explain sex differences in aggression? Personality and Individual Differences, 47(5), 402-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.04.006
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.04.006
Carlisle, K. L., Neukrug, E., Pribesh, S., & Krahwinkel, J. (2019). Personality, motivation, and internet gaming disorder: Conceptualizing the gamer. Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling, 40(2), 107-122. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaoc.12069
https://doi.org/10.1002/jaoc.12069
Chapple, C. L., & Johnson, K. (2007). Gender differences in impulsivity. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 5(3), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541204007301286
https://doi.org/10.1177/1541204007301286
Chen, K. H., Oliffe, J. L., & Kelly, M. T. (2018). Internet Gaming Disorder: An emergent health issue for men. American Journal of Men's Health, 12(4), 1151-1159. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988318766950
https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988318766950
Cheng, C., Cheung, M. W., & Wang, H. (2018). Multinational comparison of internet gaming disorder and psychosocial problems versus well-being: Meta-analysis of 20 countries. Computers in Human Behavior, 88, 153-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.033
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.033
Chia, D. X. Y., Ng, C. W. L., Kandasami, G., Seow, M. Y. L., Choo, C. C., Chew, P. K. H., Lee, C., & Zhang, M. W. B. (2020). Prevalence of Internet Addiction and gaming disorders in Southeast Asia: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2582. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072582
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072582
Cross, C. P. (2010). Sex differences in same-sex direct aggression and sociosexuality: The role of risky impulsivity. Evolutionary Psychology, 8(4), 147470491000800. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491000800418 Cross, C. P., Copping, L. T., & Campbell, A. (2011). Sex differences in impulsivity: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 137(1), 97-130. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021591
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021591
Cyders, M. A. (2013). Impulsivity and the sexes: Measurement and structural invariance of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Assessment, 20(1), 86-97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191111428762
https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191111428762
D-Griffiths, M., & Pontes, H. M. (2014). Internet addiction disorder and internet gaming disorder are not the same. Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy, 05(04), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000e124
https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000e124
Deleuze, J., Nuyens, F., Rochat, L., Rothen, S., Maurage, P., & Billieux, J. (2017). Established risk factors for addiction fail to discriminate between healthy gamers and gamers endorsing DSM-5 Internet gaming disorder. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(4), 516-524. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.074
https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.074
DeVito, E. E., Weinberger, A. H., Pang, R. D., Petersen, N., Fagle, T., & Allen, A. M. (2020). Impulsivity across Substance Use Categories: Consideration of Sex/Gender. Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, 7(3), 109-127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-020-00213-6
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-020-00213-6
Dittrich, M., & Leipold, K. (2014). Gender differences in time preferences. Economics Letters, 122(3), 413-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2014.01.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2014.01.002
Dong, G., Wang, Z., Wang, Y., Du, X., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). Gender-related functional connectivity and craving during gaming and immediate abstinence during a mandatory break: Implications for development and progression of internet gaming disorder. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 88, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.009
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.009
Dullur, P., & Starcevic, V. (2017). Internet gaming disorder does not qualify as a mental disorder. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 52(2), 110-111. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867417741554
https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867417741554
Evren, C., Evren, B., Dalbudak, E., Topcu, M., & Kutlu, N. (2021). The relationship of Loot Box Engagement to gender, severity of disordered gaming, using mmorpgs, and motives for online gaming. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 11(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20200915101516
https://doi.org/10.5455/PBS.20200915101516
Farmer, R. F., & Golden, J. A. (2009). The forms and functions of impulsive actions: Implications for behavioral assessment and therapy. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 5(1), 12-30. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0100870
https://doi.org/10.1037/h0100870
Fowler, J. A., Gullo, M. J., & Elphinston, R. A. (2020). Impulsivity traits and Facebook addiction in young people and the potential mediating role of coping styles. Personality and Individual Differences, 161, 109965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109965
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109965
Fu, A. T., Ko, H. C., Wu, J., Cherng, B. L., & Chêng, C. (2007). Impulsivity and expectancy in risk for alcohol use: Comparing male and female college students in Taiwan. Addictive Behaviors, 32(9), 1887-1896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.01.003
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.01.003
Gámez-Guadix, M., & Gini, G. (2016). Individual and class justification of cyberbullying and cyberbullying perpetration: A longitudinal analysis among adolescents. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 44, 81-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2016.04.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2016.04.001
Gorowska, M., Tokarska, K., Zhou, X., Gola, M. K., & Li, Y. (2022). Novel approaches for treating Internet Gaming Disorder: A review of technology-based interventions. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 115, 152312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152312Gur, R. C., & Sackeim, H. A. (1979). Self-deception: A concept in search of a phenomenon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(2), 147-169. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.37.2.147
https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.37.2.147
Halim, M. R. T. A., Abdul Kadir, N. B., Murni, Ab Rahman Roseliza., Ibrahim, N., & Ibrahim, M. A. (2020). Moderation effect of impulsivity in the relationship between depression and suicide ideation among late adolescent in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 10(10), 110-119.
https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i10/7920
Hartmann, T., & Klimmt, C. (2006). Gender and computer games: Exploring females' dislikes. Journal of Computer-mediated Communication, 11(4), 910-931. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00301.x
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00301.x
Hou, S., Fang, X., Zhou, N., & Cai, P. (2020). Effects of increasing the negativity of implicit outcome expectancies on internet gaming impulsivity. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00336
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00336
Icenogle, G., & Cauffman, E. (2021). Adolescent decision making: A decade in review. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 31(4), 1006-1022. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12608
https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12608
Ildırım, E., Çalıcı, C., & Erdoğan, B. (2017). Psychological correlates of cyberbullying and cyber-victimization. The International Journal of Human and Behavioral Science, 3(2), 7-21. https://doi.org/10.19148/ijhbs.365829 Ismail, R., Abdul Manaf, M. R., Hassan, M. R., Mohammed Nawi, A., Ibrahim, N., Lyndon, N., Amit, N., Zakaria, E., Abd Razak, M. A., Zaiedy Nor, N. I., Shukor, M. S., & Kamarubahrin, A. F. (2022). Prevalence of drug and substance use among Malaysian youth: A nationwide survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4684. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084684
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084684
Ji, Y., Yin, M. X., Zhang, A. Y., & Wong, D. F. (2021). Risk and protective factors of internet gaming disorder among Chinese people: A meta-analysis. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 56(4), 332-346. https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674211025703
https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674211025703
Kaess, M., Parzer, P., Mehl, L., Weil, L., Strittmatter, E., Resch, F., & Koenig, J. (2017). Stress vulnerability in male youth with Internet Gaming Disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 77, 244-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.01.008
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.01.008
Kim, H., Choi, I. Y., & Kim, D. J. (2020). Excessive smartphone use and self-esteem among adults with Internet Gaming Disorder: Quantitative survey study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(9), e18505. https://doi.org/10.2196/18505
King, D., & Delfabbro, P. (2018). Internet Gaming Disorder: Theory, Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention (1st ed.). Academic Press.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812924-1.00001-0
King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H., Perales, J. C., Deleuze, J., Király, O., Krossbakken, E., & Billieux, J. (2019). Maladaptive player-game relationships in problematic gaming and gaming disorder: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 73, 101777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101777
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101777
King, D. L., Herd, M. C. E., & Delfabbro, P. H. (2017). Motivational components of tolerance in Internet Gaming Disorder. Computers in Human Behaviour, 78, 133-141. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.09.023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.09.023
King, K. M., Patock-Peckham, J. A., Dager, A. D., Thimm, K., & Gates, J. R. (2014). On the mismeasurement of impulsivity: Trait, behavioral, and neural models in alcohol research among adolescents and young adults. Current Addiction Reports, 1(1), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-013-0005-4Ko, C. H., Wang, P.-W., Liu, T.-L., Chen, C.-S., Yen, C.-F., & Yen, J.-Y. (2017). The adaptive decision-making, risky decision, and decision-making style of internet gaming disorder. European Psychiatry, 44, 189-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.05.020
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.05.020
Kray, J., Kreis, B. K., & Lorenz, C. (2021). Age differences in decision making under known risk: The role of working memory and impulsivity. Developmental Psychology, 57(2), 241-252. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001132
https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001132
Kuss, D. (2013). Internet gaming addiction: Current perspectives. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 6, 125-137. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s39476
https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S39476
Kuss, D. J., & Billieux, J. (2017). Technological addictions: Conceptualisation, measurement, etiology and treatment. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 231-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.04.005
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.04.005
Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2011). Online Social Networking and Addiction-A review of the Psychological literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health/International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(9), 3528-3552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8093528
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8093528
Lage, G. M., Albuquerque, M. R., Fuentes, D., Corrêa, H., & Malloy-Diniz, L. F. (2013). Sex differences in dimensions of impulsivity in a non-clinical sample. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 117(2), 601-607. https://doi.org/10.2466/15.19.pms.117x18z2
https://doi.org/10.2466/15.19.PMS.117x18z2
Li, L., Griffiths, M. D., Mei, S., & Niu, Z. (2021). The mediating role of impulsivity and the moderating role of gender between fear of missing out and gaming disorder among a sample of chinese university students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24(8), 550-557. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.028
https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.0283
Li, L., Liu, L., Niu, Z., Zhong, H., Mei, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023a). Gender differences and left-behind experiences in the relationship between gaming disorder, rumination and sleep quality among a sample of Chinese university students during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1108016
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1108016
Liu, F., Deng, H., Zhang, Q., Fang, Q., Liu, B., Yang, D., Tian, X., & Wang, X. (2022). Symptoms of internet gaming disorder among male college students in Nanchong, China. BMC Psychiatry, 22(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03778-6López-Fernández, F. J., Mezquita, L., Griffiths, M. D., Ortet, G., & Plana, M. (2020). The role of personality on disordered gaming and game genre preferences in adolescence: Gender differences and person-environment transactions. Adicciones, 33(3), 1370. https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1370
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1370
López-Fernández, O., Williams, A. J., Griffiths, M. D., & Kuss, D. J. (2019a). Female gaming, gaming addiction, and the role of women within gaming culture: A narrative literature review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00454
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00454
López-Fernández, O., Williams, A. J., & Kuss, D. J. (2019b). Measuring female gaming: gamer profile, predictors, prevalence, and characteristics from psychological and gender perspectives. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00898
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00898
Lutz, N., Chamberlain, S. R., Goodyer, I., Bhardwaj, A., Sahakian, B. J., Jones, P. B., & Wilkinson, P. (2021). Behavioral measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury. CNS Spectrums, 27(5), 604-612. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852921000274MacDonald, K. B. (2008). Effortful control, explicit processing, and the regulation of human evolved predispositions. Psychological Review, 115(4), 1012-1031. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013327
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013327
Mari, E., Biondi, S., Varchetta, M., Cricenti, C., Fraschetti, A., Pizzo, A., Barchielli, B., Roma, P., Vilar, M. M., González-Sala, F., Giannini, A. M., & Quaglieri, A. (2023). Gender differences in internet addiction: A study on variables related to its possible development. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 9, 100247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2022.100247
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2022.100247
Marraudino, M., Bonaldo, B., Vitiello, B., Bergui, G., & Panzica, G. (2022). Sexual differences in Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD): From psychological features to neuroanatomical networks. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(4), 1018. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11041018
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11041018
Mestre-Bach, G., Fernandez-Aranda, F., & Jiménez-Murcia, S. (2022). Exploring Internet gaming disorder: an updated perspective of empirical evidence (from 2016 to 2021). Comprehensive Psychiatry, 116, 152319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152319
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152319
Miller, A. E., & Racine, S. E. (2020). Emotion regulation difficulties as common and unique predictors of impulsive behaviors in university students. Journal of American College Health, 70(5), 1387-1395. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1799804
https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1799804
Mihara, S., & Higuchi, S. (2017). Cross‐sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of Internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 71(7), 425-444. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12532
https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12532
Navas, J. F., Martín-Pérez, C., Petrova, D., Verdejo-García, A., Cano, M., Sagripanti-Mazuquín, O., Perandrés-Gómez, A., López-Martín, N., Cordovilla-Guardia, S., Megías, A., Perales, J. C., & Vilar-López, R. (2019). Sex differences in the association between impulsivity and driving under the influence of alcohol in young adults: The specific role of sensation seeking. Accident Analysis &Amp; Prevention, 124, 174-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.12.024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.12.024
Nik Jaafar, N. R., Bahar, N., Ibrahim, N., Baharudin, A., Wan Ismail, W. S., Sim, S. T., Abdul Aziz, M., & Tan, K. A. (2021). Are Malaysian youths overdependent on the internet? A narrative review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.710790
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.710790
Othman, Z. (2017). Internet addiction and personality: Association with impulsive sensation seeking and neuroticism-anxiety traits. International Medical Journal, 24(5), 375-378. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2588078
Pallavicini, F., Pepe, A., & Mantovani, F. (2021). Commercial off-the-shelf video games for reducing stress and anxiety: Systematic review. JMIR Mental Health, 8(8), e28150. https://doi.org/10.2196/28150
Pascual-Sanchez, A., Hickey, N., Mateu, A., Martinez-Herves, M., Kramer, T., & Nicholls, D. (2021). Personality traits and self-esteem in traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Personality and Individual Differences, 177, 110809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110809
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110809
Patton, J. H., Stanford, M. S., & Barratt, E. S. (1995). Factor structure of the barratt impulsiveness scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(6), 768-774. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199511)51:6<768::AID-JCLP2270510607>3.0.CO;2-1
https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199511)51:6<768::AID-JCLP2270510607>3.0.CO;2-1
Paulus, F. W., Ohmann, S., von Gontard, A., & Popow, C. (2018). Internet Gaming Disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 60(7), 645-659. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13754Poon, L. Y. J., Tsang, H. W., Chan, T. Y. J., Man, S. W. T., Ng, L. Y., Wong, Y. L., Lin, C., Chien, C., Griffiths, M. D., Pontes, H. M., & Pakpour, A. H. (2021). Psychometric properties of the Internet Gaming Disorder scale-short-form (IGDS9-SF): Systematic review. JMIR. Journal of Medical Internet Research/Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(10), e26821. https://doi.org/10.2196/26821
Pontes, H. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Measuring DSM-5 internet gaming disorder: Development and validation of a short psychometric scale. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 137-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.006
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.006
Puerta-Cortés, D. X., Panova, T., Carbonell, X., & Lusar, A. C. (2017). How passion and impulsivity influence a player's choice of videogame, intensity of playing and time spent playing. Computers in Human Behavior, 66, 122-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.029
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.029
Romer, D. (2010). Adolescent risk taking, impulsivity, and Brain Development: Implications for Prevention. Developmental Psychobiology, 52(3), 263-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.20442
https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.20442
Rømer -Thomsen, K., Callesen, M. B., Hesse, M., Kvamme, T. L., Pedersen, M. M., Pedersen, M. U., & Voon, V. (2018). Impulsivity traits and addiction-related behaviors in youth. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7(2), 317-330. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.7.2018.22
https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.7.2018.22
Royse, P., Lee, J., Baasanjav, U., Hopson, M. C., & Consalvo, M. (2007). Women and games: technologies of the gendered self. New Media & Society, 9(4), 555-576. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444807080322
https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444807080322
Ryu, H., Lee, J. Y., Choi, A., Park, S., Kim, D. J., & Choi, J. S. (2018). The Relationship between Impulsivity and Internet Gaming Disorder in young adults: Mediating effects of interpersonal relationships and depression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3), 458. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030458
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030458
Sabri, F., & Yunus, A. (2021). Psychological well-being of Muslim online gamers in Malaysia: Are they mentally well enough? Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 4(2), 181-193. https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v4i2.1629
https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v4i2.1629
Sachdeva, A., & Verma, R. (2015b). Internet gaming addiction: A technological hazard. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 4(4), e26359. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.26359
https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.26359
Şalvarlı, Ş. İ., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019). Internet Gaming Disorder and its associated personality traits: A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(5), 1420-1442. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00081-6
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00081-6
Şalvarlı, Ş. İ., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019). The association between internet gaming disorder and impulsivity: A systematic review of literature. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(1), 92-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00126-w
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00126-w
Sariyska, R., Lachmann, B., Markett, S., Reuter, M., & Montag, C. (2017). Individual differences in implicit learning abilities and impulsive behavior in the context of Internet addiction and Internet Gaming Disorder under the consideration of gender. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 5, 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2017.02.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2017.02.002
Shahid, R., Kumari, S., & Doumas, S. (2021). Covid-19's impact on internet gaming disorder among children and adolescents. Current Psychiatry, 20(7), 41-42. https://doi.org/10.12788/cp.0152Sharma, M., & Palanichamy, T. (2018). Psychosocial interventions for technological addictions. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 60(8), 541-545. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_40_18
https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_40_18
Shi, J., Renwick, R., Turner, N. E., & Kirsh, B. (2019). Understanding the lives of problem gamers: The meaning, purpose, and influences of video gaming. Computers in Human Behavior, 97, 291-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.023
Shin, D., Choi, A., Lee, J., Chung, S., Kim, B., Park, M., Jung, M., Kim, D., & Choi, J.-S. (2019). The mediating effects of affect on associations between impulsivity or resilience and internet gaming disorder. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(8), 1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081102
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081102
Shin, Y., Kim, H., Kim, S., & Kim, J. (2020). A neural mechanism of the relationship between impulsivity and emotion dysregulation in patients with internet gaming disorder. Addiction Biology, 26(3), e12916. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12916
https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12916
Singh, Y. M., Prakash, J., Chatterjee, K., Khadka, B., Shah, A., & Chauhan, V. S. (2021). Prevalence and risk factors associated with Internet gaming disorder: A cross-sectional study. Ind Psychiatry J, 30(3), 172-177. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.328810
https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.328810
Statista. (2021). Share of Online Gamers in Malaysia in 2020, by Age Group. Retrieved February 13, 2021, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1117575/malaysia-age-breakdown-of-online-gamers
Stavropoulos, V., Baynes, K. L., O'Farrel, D. L., Gomez, R., Mueller, A., Yücel, M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Inattention and disordered gaming: Does culture matter? Psychiatric Quarterly, 91(2), 333-348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-019-09702-8
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-019-09702-8
Su, W., Han, X., Yu, H., Wu, Y., & Potenza, M. N. (2020). Do men become addicted to internet gaming and women to social media? A meta-analysis examining gender-related differences in specific internet addiction. Computers in Human Behavior, 113, 106480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106480
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106480
Su, W., Király, O., Demetrovics, Z., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). Gender moderates the partial mediation of impulsivity in the relationship between psychiatric distress and problematic online gaming: online survey. JMIR Mental Health, 6(3), e10784. https://doi.org/10.2196/10784
Taechoyotin, P., Tongrod, P., Thaweerungruangkul, T., Towattananon, N., Teekapakvisit, P., Aksornpusitpong, C., Sathapornpunya, W., Hempatawee, N., Rangsin, R., Mungthin, M., & Piyaraj, P. (2020). Prevalence and associated factors of internet gaming disorder among secondary school students in rural community, Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BMC Research Notes, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4862-3
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4862-3
Tang, C. S., Koh, Y. W., & Gan, Y. (2017). Addiction to internet use, online gaming, and online social networking among young adults in China, Singapore, and the United States. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, 29(8), 673-682. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539517739558
https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539517739558
Teng, V. N., Manaf, A. R. A., Hamzah, M. R., Yusoff, H. A. M., Hussin, H., Ismail, A., & Ahmad, Y. (2021). Factors contributing to online gaming addiction: A cross-sectional survey among university students. AIP Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0044226
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0044226
Teng, Z., Griffiths, M. D., Nie, Q., Xiang, G., & Guo, C. (2020). Parent-adolescent attachment and peer attachment associated with Internet Gaming Disorder: A longitudinal study of first-year undergraduate students. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(1), 116-128. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00011Throuvala, M. A., Janikian, M., Griffiths, M. D., Rennoldson, M., & Kuss, D. J. (2019). The role of family and personality traits in Internet gaming disorder: A mediation model combining cognitive and attachment perspectives. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 8(1), 48-62. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.8.2019.05
https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.8.2019.05
T'ng, S. T., Ho, K. H., & Pau, K. (2022). Need frustration, gaming motives, and internet gaming disorder in mobile multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games: Through the lens of self-determination theory. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(6), 3821-3841. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-022-00825-x
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-022-00825-x
T'ng, S. T., & Pau, K. (2020). Identification of avatar mediates the associations between motivations of gaming and internet gaming disorder among the Malaysian youth. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(4), 1346-1361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00229-9
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00229-9
Wang, Y., Jiang, N., Cheung, E. F., Sun, H., & Chan, R. C. (2015). Role of depression severity and impulsivity in the relationship between hopelessness and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 183, 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.001
Wang, Y., Liu, B., Zhang, L., & Zhang, P. (2022). Anxiety, depression, and stress are associated with internet gaming disorder during COVID-19: Fear of missing out as a mediator. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.827519
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.827519
Wang, Y., Wu, L., Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Du, X., & Dong, G. (2016). Impaired decision-making and impulse control in Internet gaming addicts: evidence from the comparison with recreational Internet game users. Addiction Biology, 22(6), 1610-1621. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12458
https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12458
Wartberg, L., Kriston, L., & Kammerl, R. (2017). Associations of social support, friends only known through the internet, and health-related quality of life with internet gaming disorder in adolescence. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 20(7), 436-441. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0535
https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0535
Weafer, J., De Arcangelis, J., & de Wit, H. (2015). Sex differences in behavioral impulsivity in at-risk and non-risk drinkers. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00072
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00072
Wei, X.-Y., Liang, H.-Y., Gao, T., Gao, L.-F., Zhang, G.-H., Chu, X.-Y., Wang, H.-X., Geng, J.-Y., Liu, K., Nie, J., Zeng, P., Ren, L., Liu, C., Jiang, H.-B., & Lei, L. (2023). Preference for smartphone-based internet applications and smartphone addiction among Young Adult Addicts: Gender Difference in Psychological Network. Social Science Computer Review, 0(0), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393231222680
https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393231222680
Weinstein, A., & Dannon, P. (2015). Is impulsivity a male trait rather than female trait? Exploring the sex difference in impulsivity. Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, 2(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-015-0031-8
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-015-0031-8
Wichstrøm, L., Stenseng, F., Belsky, J., von Soest, T., & Hygen, B. W. (2018). Symptoms of internet gaming disorder in youth: Predictors and comorbidity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 47(1), 71-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-018-0422-x
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-018-0422-x
Xia, L., Gu, J., Guo, W., Meng, Y. J., Wang, H. Y., Li, X. J., Deng, W., Zhao, L., Ma, X., Li, M. L., Chen, T., Cheng, A. S., & Li, T. (2021). The gender-sensitive social risk factors for internet addiction in college undergraduate students. Psychiatry Investigation, 18(7), 636-644. https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2020.0277Yan, W. S., Chen, R. T., Liu, M. M., & Zheng, D. H. (2021). Monetary reward discounting, inhibitory control, and trait impulsivity in young adults with Internet Gaming Disorder and Nicotine Dependence. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.628933
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.628933
Yen, J. Y., Lin, H. C., Chou, W. P., Liu, T. L., & Ko, C. H. (2019). Associations among resilience, stress, depression, and Internet Gaming Disorder in young adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(17), 3181. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173181
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173181
Young, K., & Brand, M. (2017). Merging theoretical models and therapy approaches in the context of internet Gaming Disorder: A Personal Perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01853
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01853
Yu, Y., Mo, P. K. H., Zhang, J., Li, J., & Lau, J. T. F. (2021). Impulsivity, self-control, interpersonal influences, and maladaptive cognitions as factors of Internet Gaming Disorder among adolescents in China: Cross-sectional mediation study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(10), e26810. https://doi.org/10.2196/26810
Yücens, B., & Üzer, A. (2018). The relationship between internet addiction, social anxiety, impulsivity, self-esteem, and depression in a sample of Turkish undergraduate medical students. Psychiatry Research, 267, 313-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.033
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.033
Zha, R., Tao, R., Kong, Q., Li, H., Liu, Y., Huang, R., Wei, Z., Hong, W., Wang, Y., Zhang, D., Fallgatter, A. J., Yang, Y., Zhang, X., Liang, P., & Rao, H. (2022). Impulse control differentiates Internet gaming disorder from non-disordered but heavy Internet gaming use: Evidence from multiple behavioral and multimodal neuroimaging data. Computers in Human Behavior, 130, 107184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107184
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107184
Zhang, J., Hu, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, M., & Dong, G.-H. (2020). Males are more sensitive to reward and less sensitive to loss than females among people with internet gaming disorder: Fmri evidence from a card-guessing task. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02771-1
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02771-1
Zhu, L., Zhu, Y., Li, S., Jiang, Y., Mei, X., Wang, Y., Yang, D., Zhao, J., Mu, L., & Wang, W. (2023). Association of Internet Gaming Disorder with impulsivity: Role of risk preferences. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05265-y
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 UNIMAS Publisher
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
