Developing A Conceptual Framework for Enhancing Cultural Heritage Learning Using Virtual Reality Technology

Abstract

This study explores the outcomes of digital cultural learning, with a focus on the limitations observed in informal cultural heritage learning settings despite extensive scholarly investigation. Recognizing that cultural heritage learning encompasses more than cognitive knowledge transfer, including emotions, attitudes, behavior, engagement, enjoyment, and interaction, this research underscores the growing relevance of virtual reality technology as a learning medium, particularly accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research objectives are: (1) to identify an appropriate learning approach for cultural heritage learning through virtual technology, and (2) to propose a conceptual framework for cultural heritage learning using VR technology. The methodology involves a comprehensive literature review on cultural heritage learning and validation of proposed learning concepts by five experts, incorporating experiential learning, discovery learning strategy, and motivational learning theory. Findings reveal that cultural heritage learning emphasizes interactivity, enjoyment, integrating assessment and self-directed learning features in virtual applications to enhance user participation and effectiveness in cultural heritage learning. Expert reviews affirm the relevance and compatibility of the proposed features, suggesting they enhance the effectiveness of cultural heritage learning. This positive feedback supports the validity and potential impact of the conceptual framework, confirming its suitability for virtual environment applications in cultural heritage learning. This research contributes to making cultural heritage content more accessible, enjoyable, and educationally valuable through innovative VR applications.