Motivasi dan Penggunaan Facebook, Instagram, Twitter dan TikTok dalam Kalangan Pelajar Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
Abstract
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti motivasi dan penggunaan masa penggunaan Facebook, Instagram, Twitter dan TikTok dalam kalangan pelajar universiti di Malaysia. Data untuk kajian deskriptif diperoleh daripada 100 orang pelajar yang mengisi borang soalselidik secara atas talian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan responden memilih Tiktok sebagai platform yang paling utama digunakan. Namun, Twitter adalah platform yang paling memenuhi motivasi pelajar menggunakan media sosial. Motivasi pelajar untuk menggunakan media sosial ialah dokumentasi kendiri dan ekspresi kendiri adalah tertinggi. Pengaruh daripada pertambahan jumlah pengikut mendorong pengguna untuk mendedahkan dan berkongsi tentang diri mereka kepada pengguna lain. Tidak ramai pelajar dimotivasi oleh konstruk hiburan dan kemudahan untuk menggunakan media sosial. Terdapat perbezaan ketara dalam penggunaan media sosial antara pelajar lelaki dan perempuan. Pelajar lelaki lebih gemar menggunakan Instagram berbanding pelajar perempuan yang lebih mengutamakan penggunaan Facebook dan Tiktok. Kebanyakan pelajar menggunakan media sosial melebihi lima jam sehari. Implikasi kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa ciri Twitter sebagai microblog boleh digunakan di dalam proses pembelajaran. Pertambahan responden dari pelbagai institusi dan pertambahan media sosial untuk dikaji dicadangkan untuk kajian masa akan datang.
References
Alhabash, S. A. (2017). A Tale of Four Platforms: Motivations and Uses of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat Among College Students? Social Media + Society, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117691544
Allahverdi, F. Z. (2022). Relationship between perceived social media addiction and social media applications frequency usage among university students. Psychology in the Schools, 59(6), 1075-1087. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22662
Ariel, Y., & Avidar, R. (2015). Information, interactivity, and social media. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 23(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870.2015.972404
Crawford, J. (2020). A Brief Introduction to TikTok – What Is It, and What Can You Do with It? Shutterstock. Retrieved May 30, 2022, from https://www.shutterstock.com/blog/guide-to-tiktok
Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The Benefits of Facebook “Friends:” Social Capital and College Students’ Use of Online Social Network Sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143-1168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x
Elhadidi, M. F., & City, Z. (2018). Beyond access to social media: a comparison of gratifications, interactivity, and content usage among Egyptian adults. Global Media Journal, 16(30), 108.
Gan ,C. & Wang, W. (2015). Uses and gratifications of social media: a comparison of microblog and WeChat. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 17: 351-363.
Gülnar, B., Balci, S., & Çakir, V. (2010). Motivations of Facebook, You Tube and similar web sites users. Bilig Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkis World, 54(54), 161-184.
Hao, T. J., Chien, K. Y., & Xuan, S. T. Y. (2022). Addiction on TikTok among Young Adults in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(7), 1115-1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i7/14127
Huang, Y., & Su, S.-. F. (2018). Motives for Instagram Use and Topics of Interest among Young Adults. Future Internet, 10(77), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10080077
Kemp, S. (2022). Digital 2022: Malaysia. Data Reportal. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2022-malaysia. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
Liu, I. L.B., Cheung, C. M.K., & Lee, M. K.O. (2010). Understanding Twitter Usage: What Drive People Continue to Tweet. PACIS 2010 Proceedings, Paper 92, 928-939.
Malik, A., Heyman-Schrum, C. & Johri, A. Use of Twitter across educational settings: a review of the literature. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16, 36. https://10.1186/s41239-019-0166-x
Mat Saad, M. Z., & Azizi, N. F. (2019). Kegunaan dan Kepuasan Aplikasi WhatsApp dalam Kalangan Warga Separuh Umur di Machang Kelantan. International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences, 2(6), 40-47.
Maclean, F., Jones, D., Levy, G., & Hunter, H. (2013). Understanding Twitter. ResearchGate, 76 (6), 295-298. https://doi.org/10.4276/030802213X13706169933
Mohd Azlan, N. A., Abdullah, Z., & Jaafar Sidek, J. (2017). Gender and usage of Instagram. In Forum Komunikasi (FK) (Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 1-20). Faculty of Communication and Media Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA.
Park N, Kerk KF, Valenzuela S (2009) Being immersed in social networking environment: Facebook groups, uses and gratifications and social outcomes. Cyber-Psychology & Behavior 12: 729-33. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0003
Veletsianos, G. (2011). Higher education scholars’ participation and practices on Twitter. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 28, 336- 349. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2729.2011.00449.x
Copyright (c) 2023 UNIMAS Publisher
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
