Fish Endoparasites from Streams near Paddy Fields in Serian and Padawan, Western Sarawak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/tur.1547.2019Abstract
The fish health status and parasitic infection in paddy fields are understudied in Borneo. This study was done to compare the prevalence and abundance of parasites on freshwater fishes in the upstream and downstream rivers of paddy fields. Parasite study on freshwater fishes was done by collecting live fish samples using ten minnow traps with baits at each site in Serian and Padawan, Sarawak, from October 2017 until March 2018. A total of 120 freshwater fishes were examined during this study period. Cold anaesthesia was applied on live samples prior to ectoparasite and endoparasite microscopic screening, which involved scraping of outer body mucous and removal of fish intestines, respectively. No ectoparasites were recovered from the fish samples. A total of 19 (15.83%) fishes from Cyprinids were infected with endoparasites. From these, 58 individuals of endoparasites were recovered. Two groups of parasites, namely Nematoda (Cucullanus sp.) and Trematoda (unidentified), were recovered from the fish intestines. From this study, there was a significant difference between the upstream fishes and downstream fishes in their endoparasite infection at both Triboh Village (p = 0.035) and Annah Rais Village (p = 1.445 × 10-6) using two samples t-test. The endoparasite abundance in fish was higher in the streams where there was less human disturbance. This study may serve as a baseline study on the parasitic infections of freshwater fishes in streams near paddy fields or other agricultural area in Sarawak.
References
Atack, K. (2006). A Field Guide to the Fishes of Kuching Rivers, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Sarawak, Malaysia: Natural History Publications.
Barber, I., & Wright, H. A. (2006). Effects of Parasites on Fish Behaviour: Interactions with Host Physiology. In K. A. Sloman, R. W. Wilson & S. Balshine (Eds.), Behaviour and Physiology of Fish vol 24 (pp. 110-133). USA: Elsevier Academic Press.
Bishop, J. E. (1973). Limnology of a Small Malayan River Sungai Gombak. The Hague, Netherlands: Dr W. Junk. B.V. Publications.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-2692-5
Biu, A. A., Diyaware, M. A., Yakaka, W., & Joseph, E. (2014). Survey of Parasites Infesting the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) from Lake Alau, Maiduguri, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2(2), 6-12.
Brasher, A. M. D. (2003). Impacts of Human Disturbances on Biotic Communities in Hawaiian Streams. BioScience, 53(11), 1052-1060.
https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[1052:IOHDOB]2.0.CO;2
Buchholz, R. (2004). Effects of parasitic infection on mate sampling by female wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo): should infected females be more or less choosy? Behavioural Ecology, 15(4), 687-694.
https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arh066
Bush, A. O., Lafferty, K. D., Lotz, J. M., & Shostak, A. W. (1997). Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms Margolis et al., revisited. The Journal of Parasitology, 83, 575-583.
https://doi.org/10.2307/3284227
Chapman, J. M., Marcogliese, D. J., Suski, C. D., & Cooke, S. J. (2015). Variation in parasite communities and health indices of juvenile Lepomis gibbosus across a gradient of watershed land-use and habitat quality. Ecological Indicators, 57, 564-572.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.013
Dailey, M. D. (1996). Meyer, Olsen & Schmidt's Essentials of Parasitology. W.C. Brown Publishers.
Deaton, R. (2011). Parasitic nematodes decrease fecundity in the western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis. The Southwestern Naturalist, 56(2), 262-265.
https://doi.org/10.1894/N05-RJE-03.1
De Miranda, M. S., Fonseca, M. L., Lima, A., de Moraes, T. F., & Rodrigues, F. A. (2015). Environmental impacts of rice cultivation. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 6, 2009-2018.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.612201
Ejere, V. C., Aguzie, O. I., Ivoke, N., Ekeh, F. N., Ezenwaji, N. E., Onoja, U. S., & Eyo, J. E. (2014). Parasitofauna of five freshwater fishes in a Nigerian freshwater ecosystem. Croatian Journal of Fisheries,72(1), 17-24.
https://doi.org/10.14798/72.1.682
Halwart, M., & Gupta, M. V. (2004). Culture of fish in rice fields. Rome: FAO.
Hilderbrand, K. S., Price, R. J., & Olson, R. E. (2003): Parasites in marine fishes: questions and answers for seafood retailers. ORESU-G-03-015.
Inger, R. F., & Chin, P. K. (2002). The fresh-water fishes of North Borneo. Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd.
Iwanowicz, D., Black, M. C., Blazer, V. S., Zappia, H., & Bryant, W. (2016). Effects of urban land-usage on largescale stonerollers in the Mobile River Basin, Birmingham, AL. Ecotoxicology, 25, 608-621.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1620-3
Iyaji, F. O., & Eyo, J. E. (2008). Parasites and their freshwater fish host. Bio-Research, 6(1), 328-338.
https://doi.org/10.4314/br.v6i1.28660
Kabata, Z. (1985). Parasites and diseases of fish cultured in the tropics. London, UK: Taylor and Francis Ltd.
Lafferty, K. D., & Kuris, A. M. (1999). How environmental stress affects the impacts of parasites. Limnology and Oceanography, 44(3, part 2), 925-931.
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1999.44.3_part_2.0925
Lafferty, K. D. (1997). Environmental parasitology: What can parasites tell us about human impacts on the environment? Parasitology Today, 13, 251-55.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4758(97)01072-7
Martin-Smith, K. M. (1998). Diversity of freshwater fishes from eastern Sabah: annotated checklist for Danum valley and a consideration of inter-and intra- catchment variability. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 46(2), 573-604.
Olson, A. R., Stewart, T. W., & Thompson, J. R. (2016). Direct and indirect effects of human population density and land use on physical features and invertebrates of Iowa (U.S.A.) streams. Urban Ecosystem, 19(1), 159-180.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-015-0479-z
Pilosof, S., Dick, C. W., Korine, C., Patterson, B. D., & Krasnov, B. R. (2012). Effects of anthropogenic disturbance and climate on patterns of bat fly parasitism. PLoS ONE, 7(7), e41487.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041487
Rahman, W. A., & Bakri, M. (2008). On the endoparasitic fauna of some paddy-field fishes from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Bioscience, 19(2), 107-112.
Richards, E. L., van-Oosterhout, C., & Cable, J. (2010). Sex-specific differences in shoaling affect parasite transmission in guppies. PLoS ONE, 5(10), e13285.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013285
Roberts, L. S., Schmidt, G. D., & Janovy, J. (2009). Foundations of Parasitology. In G. D. Schmidt, L. S. Roberts, (Eds.). Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Shaharom, F. (2012). Fish parasites of Lake Kenyir, Peninsular Malaysia. Kuala Terengganu. Terengganu: UMT Publisher, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
Siddall, R., & Clers, S. D. (1994). Effect of sewage sludge on the miracidium and cercaria of Zoogonoides viviparus (Trematoda: Digenea). Helminthologia, 31, 143-53.
Toksen, E. (2007). Lernanthropus kroyeri van Benden, 1841 (Crustacea: Copepoda) infections of cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Bulletin of the European Union of Fish Pathologists, 27, 49-53.
Yamaguti, S. (1963). Parasitic Copepoda and Branchuira of fishes. NY, New York: Interscience Publishers.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
