A Survey of Wireless Cellular Network Generations and Their Channel Access Techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/jcsi.8835.2026Keywords:
WCC, Air-Interfaces, CA, Network Life, 0G, 5GAbstract
The world of Wireless Cellular Communication (WCC) has achieved several top-notch transformations. This is due to the increasing innovations in Channel Access (CA) techniques. CA can be referred to as the methods of injecting life into a wireless network for the activation of varying air interfaces. It can also be defined as a technique used to ensure the modulated signal is properly fit-in a required communication channel for effective transmission. This transformation is recorded in every upgrade of air-interfaces in WCC generations. Air-interfaces mean variations in communication systems, which is consistent with frequency of operation ranges. WCC is divided into different successive generational shifts, which vary in frequencies of operation, in a successive ten-year circle. Starting in the 1970s, it has so far metamorphosed from Zero Generation (0G) through Fifth Generation (5G), with each air-interface frequency being activated by its varying CA techniques. In trying to meet the changing customer’s demands and equipment advancements, which are the increasing operational bandwidth and mitigation of loss of transmission information, new and advanced air interfaces have now been assigned frequencies of deployment. This is possible as a result of constant innovations and upgrades in CAs, which serve as the reagents in the modification of modern wireless signal waveforms. This research conducted a survey on the existing commercial air-interface generations of WCC systems so far achieved/deployed relative to its CAs. Trusting that this will ignite researchers to conceive novel proposals on highly scalable CA techniques that will drive up-coming versions of air-interface frequencies of WCC networks.
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