Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development

Role of Play-based Intervention in Managing Selective Mutism in a Young Child: A Case Study

Lee Sook Huey — 2024-03-31

The available literature on play-based intervention for young children with selective mutism is limited. This case report describes the use of play therapy for a 6-year-old girl with selective mutism. The therapist used a child-centred play approach to establish rapport and engage in defocused communication and gradually introduced more directive play as part of stimulus fading. The improved score on the Selective Mutism Questionnaire (SMQ) indicated an increased frequency of verbalisation in various social settings. This case study suggests that play-based intervention provided a safe and engaging environment for young children with selective mutism to facilitate habituation to verbalise in social situations. This case report provides insights into the benefits of incorporating play therapy for young children with selective mutism.

Boosting Year 4 Science Education: A Dynamic Blend of Paper-Based and Computerized Board Games

Kah Ching Sim — 2024-03-31

This study examines using Paper-Based and Computerised Board Games with collaborative learning to enhance science learning involving 48 Year 4 participants from National-Type Chinese Primary Schools (24 Male and 24 Female). The study utilises a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative (pre-tests, post-tests, questionnaires) and qualitative (classroom observations, interviews) data to investigate the unique strengths of these pedagogical approaches. Paper-based Board Games with Collaborative Learning (CL) showed the most substantial impact on academic performance, motivation, and social interaction compared to Computerised Board Games with collaborative learning. The research suggests that paper-based board games might be a more effective tool for educators using CL to create engaging learning experiences in science for young students. Additionally, no significant difference between genders was observed in the learning scores. Further research with more extensive and diverse samples, longitudinal studies, and exploration in different contexts are recommended to broaden the understanding of these methods' effectiveness across various settings and learning goals.

Bridging the Gap: Understanding Discrepancies in Mother-Adolescent Communication on Sexual and Reproductive Health in Kuching, Sarawak

Mohd Faizal Abdul Rahman — 2024-03-31

Adolescents who have access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information are less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviours, and parents are among the best sources of this information. However, a lack of communication between parents and adolescents on SRH hinders the exchange of knowledge process. This study aims to describe the communication practices between mothers and adolescents on SRH in Kuching, Sarawak. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kuching, Sarawak, on mothers and teenagers aged 13 to 17. The responses from the mothers and their respective adolescents' responses were reported as paired responses. The questionnaire was developed following the Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills (IMB) model. Finally, the correlation between the communication level and the domains in the model was analysed. 152 pairs of mothers and adolescents participated in the study. The mean age of the mothers was 44.7 (SD=6.52) years old, and the mean age of adolescents was 15.1 (SD=1.42). About 69.1% of adolescents were female. The communication scores among the mothers were significantly higher than adolescents. Subsequently, the motivation and perceived communication skills domains were moderately correlated with their communication practice score. There was a discrepancy in the communication practice between mothers and adolescents, which indicated the effectiveness of the communication practice between mothers and adolescents on SRH. As a result, intervention programs targeting the IMB constructs of adolescents can improve the communication practice among adolescents on SRH.

Toxic Positivity and Its Role among Young Adult Workers

Lau Ung Mui — 2024-03-31

The pandemic-fuelled rise of the “Good vibes only” has raised concerns about toxic positivity, fostering unrealistic expectations of constant happiness. This qualitative study explored the role of toxic positivity among young adult workers in Malaysia. Six Malaysian participants, aged 18 to 25 years old, were purposefully selected for a semi-structured interview to explore the challenges, risk factors, and coping strategies related to toxic positivity encounters. Three themes and seven subthemes were identified using Thematic Analysis. The study findings underscored the importance of recognising toxic positivity as a critical issue that affects the emotional well-being of young adult workers. Future research is recommended to explore similar themes in different study contexts, incorporating multiple perspectives to gain deeper insight into the issue.

Enhancing Al-Quran Reading Proficiency in Higher Education: The implementation of the Focused Mad & Idgham Technique

Muhd Syahazizamir bin Sahmat — 2024-03-31

The issue of students' weakness in Quranic reading has long been a concern in Islamic education, and it continues to persist. This study aims to innovate Quranic teaching techniques by focusing on Mad (elongation) and Idgham (merging) rules. The study examines students' motivation and involvement in Quranic reading activities and investigates their learning experiences. Twenty-nine Year 1 students and 22 students from the Islamic Education Programme, performing at medium and low levels, were selected to participate in the intervention. Data were collected and analysed by observing the students' Quranic recitations and reactions. The researcher introduced the Focused Mad (elongation) and Idgham (merging) technique (FMI) as a solution for improving Quranic reading. The findings revealed that some students in the Islamic education program still read the Quran at a less than satisfactory level. However, it was observed that students could read the Quran more effectively using the FMI technique as an intervention. The findings also indicated that the FMI technique can increase the motivation and involvement of learners in reading the Quran. Additionally, the positive perception of the FMI technique among students suggests its potential to enhance their learning experience in Quranic education, fostering engagement, comprehension, and confidence in Quranic recitation. Overall, the Focused Mad (elongation) and Idgham (merging) Technique (FMI) not only improves the ability to read the Quran but also boosts students' confidence and involvement in learning the Quran.

A Novel Hybrid Unet-RBF and CNN-RBF Algorithm for Autism Spectrum Disorder Classification

Lim Huey Chern — 2024-03-31

The 2021 CDC report indicates that Autism Spectrum Disorder affects 1 in 44 children, necessitating advanced classification methods. This article proposes a hybrid deep learning approach for ASD classification, merging U-net and Radial Basis Functions for medical image segmentation and integrating Convolutional Neural Network with RBF for ASD classification. Achieving 94.79% accuracy surpasses previous studies, highlighting deep learning's potential in neuroscience. Future research should explore diverse algorithms, validating them across varied datasets with different hyperparameters to enhance ASD classification efficiency.

Using Entropy to Measure Text Readability in Bahasa Malaysia for Year One Students

Mohamad Hardyman Barawi — 2024-03-31

Text readability is essential for effective learning and communication, especially for beginner readers. However, there are no known measures to calculate the readability of Bahasa Malaysia, the national language of Malaysia. This research proposes a new method based on entropy, a measure of information and uncertainty, to assess the readability of Bahasa Malaysia texts for Year One students. An experiment was conducted with six Year One students to determine the relationship between entropy and readability. The results indicated a positive correlation, suggesting that higher entropy values corresponded with lower readability for this age group. This study also revealed the need for beginner readers to focus on the text difficulty level to enhance learning.

AC-Duino Kit: Enhancing the Teaching and Learning Experience of Root-Mean-Square Current in Alternating Current through Arduino Microcontroller Application

Pek Chun Hoe — 2024-03-31

Root-mean-square current in alternating current is an abstract concept that appears challenging to students in the absence of any hands-on experimental tool. Therefore, the AC-Duino Kit, utilising an Arduino Uno microcontroller and ACS712 current sensor, is developed and used in an experiential learning activity involving real-life household electrical appliances to enhance this topic's teaching and learning experience. Two-cycle action research was conducted on forty-six students undertaking a one-year matriculation program with data collected from document analysis, interview, and observation. The result shows that the students could relate root-mean-square current to power consumption, differentiate between heat and motor appliances, and relate peak current to electrical safety. The study confirmed that this activity could bridge the theoretical concept to real-life applications.

A Critical Review on Training Evaluation Models: A Search for Future Agenda

Badriya Ambu-Saidi — 2024-03-31

This paper delves into the intricate landscape of training transfer evaluation, exploring some models, strengths, and areas for improvement in assessing the effectiveness of training programs. This paper aims to analyse and compare training transfer evaluation models using a scoping review methodology. By examining their strengths, weaknesses and unique characteristics, the paper seeks to pinpoint opportunities for enhancement. The discussion centres around seminal works such as Kirkpatrick's Four-Level Model, Kaufman and Keller's Five Levels of Evaluation, the Phillips Return on Investment Model, Warr et al.’s Context, Input, Reaction and Outcome Model and Brinkerhoff’s Six-Stage Model, Bushnell’s input, process, output model. The paper underscores the importance of a comprehensive and adaptable approach to training transfer evaluation, emphasising the need for hybrid models that integrate strengths while addressing weaknesses. The exploration extends to measuring tools and research methods that enhance evaluation practices. The sequential explanatory mixed methods design emerges as an exemplar of a research methodology that seamlessly combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to offer a richer understanding of training transfer. As the paper concludes, it advocates for continuous research efforts to refine models, incorporate emerging technologies, and align evaluation practices with learning and organisational development dynamics. By revealing gaps in current knowledge and identifying previously unknown areas for improvement in training transfer, this paper contributes novel insights to the field of training transfer.

A Narrative Study: Career Counselling Service among Persons with Disabilities at Vocational Centre in Sarawak

Nur Atiqah Abdullah — 2024-03-31

Career development embodies a disposition of career maturity, requiring individuals to comprehend the developmental tasks and responsibilities they must undertake. Central to this journey is career counselling. This study focuses on Persons with Disabilities (PWDs). This narrative study highlights the significance of career counselling as the intervention for PWDs’ career development at vocational centres. Out of 637537 registered PWDs under the Social Welfare Department, less than 12,000 registered PWDs are employed, as stated in the Malaysian Employer Federation report on November 2023. Therefore, this study uses narrative research focusing on conducting semi-structured interviews. The participants in this study consist of two PWDs: one with physical disabilities and one with learning disabilities. Through this exploration, the study aims to shed light on the challenges faced by each PWD in accessing career support and inform future interventions to promote PWDs vocational success and social inclusion. This study suggests that career counselling services are crucial for supporting the career development and self-concept of PWDs. This underscores the need for interventions to improve access to such services and promote the vocational success of PWDs.