Antifungal, Anti-Biofilm, and Anti-Phospholipase Effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriocins on Clinical Yeast Pathogens
Keywords:
Bacteriocin, Biofilm, Phospholipase, Candida, CryptococcusAbstract
Yeast infections pose a significant challenge around the world, especially with the rising of antifungal drug resistance. This study investigates the antifungal, anti-biofilm and anti-phospholipase activity of bacteriocins produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa against 12 yeast isolates which were selected from 57 according to their high resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs, high biofilm production and phospholipase production. Additionally, this study tested the viability of the yeast cells tested after exposure to the bacteriocin. Forty P. aeruginosa isolates were tested and the most potent bacteriocin producing isolate was selected. The partially purified pyocins had high antifungal activity with a range of 40.57 µg ml-1 to 81.15 µg ml-1 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against multiple clinical and drug resistant Candida and Cryptococcus isolates and surpassed the conventionally used antifungal drugs. It also possessed strong anti-biofilm activity, though its anti-phospholipase activity is varied and isolate dependent, and the viability of the yeast cells was significantly reduced. The high antimicrobial activity of the bacteriocin shows its potential as a therapeutic agent against yeast infections, especially those with high antifungal resistance and biofilm production. These findings can be beneficial to improve patients’ outcome as more novel antifungal therapeutic drugs are needed.
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