A Review of Sea Turtle Awareness Programmes in Malaysia
Keywords:
Awareness, governmental agencies, Malaysia, non-governmental organisations, outreach, sea turtlesAbstract
Malaysia is blessed with important sea turtle nesting rookeries along its coasts. As the sea turtle population declines in the country, conservation efforts in the form of outreach are important to obtain support and civic engagement in this sector. To understand the sea turtle outreach efforts in Malaysia, the outreach programmes, programme types and strategies by Malaysian non-governmental organisations and government agencies are reviewed in this paper, by tracking their social media and websites between January 2023 and December 2024. The findings help conservation entities to identify respective outreach blind spots and take initiatives to improve wherever possible. Out of the 18 agencies analysed, 38.89% (7) conducted all four types of outreach programmes. Ecotourism and community outreach are the most commonly conducted programme types at 77.78% (14). Knowledge dissemination is employed by all organisations, while hands-on activities are used by 94.44% (17) organisations, and only 22.22% (4) of the organisations were found to employ knowledge application on top of the former two. This paper suggests that school and youth outreach programmes should be prioritised by more organisations, as pro-environmental attitudes are more easily shaped in younger participants. On top of that, all tracked organisations should continue in their efforts of employing multiple outreach strategies, ensuring the effectiveness of their programmes.
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