Length-Weight Relationship, Condition Factor and Feeding Habit of Fishes from Mangrove of Santubong Estuary, Sarawak, Malaysia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.3700.2021Keywords:
Estuary, fish, fish diet, length and weight, seasonalAbstract
Length-weight relationship (LWR), condition factor (K) and feeding habits of Coilia dussumieri, Nemapteryx nenga and Nibea soldado from Santubong Estuary, Sarawak, Malaysia were reported in the present study. The sampling was conducted during the non-monsoon season and monsoon season from April to November 2017 at Buntal, Penambir and Demak rivers using three-layered gillnets. A total of 182 fish samples were caught and measured for the total length and body weight. Then, the data were analysed by the equations for LWR and K. The feeding behaviour analysis was carried out using Relative Gut Index (RGI) and Frequency of Food Occurrence method. The log-transformed regression showed that most of the fishes exhibited negative allometric. K showed a significant difference between seasons. The RGI values of the fishes showed that they were carnivorous. The highest frequency of food occurrence in both seasons was gastropods (94-95 %) and the food items were found to be more variable during monsoon season (gastropods insect, worms, fish, asteroidea, phytoplankton and bivalve). The b value is an exponent to measure the growth pattern of fish and in this study, the b values were in the expected range of 2.5-3.5 and not affected by seasonal variation. The K values suggesting that most of the species were surviving well in the river and was influenced by seasonal change. The RGI and frequency of food occurrence showed that all fish in this study species were carnivorous with more variability in food was observed during the monsoon season. The data of this study are important for a sustainable fisheries management in this area.
References
Fauziyah, Nurhayati, Bernas, S. M., Putera, A., Suteja, Y., & Agustiani, F. (2019). Biodiversity of fish resources in Sungsang Estuaries of South Sumatra. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 278, 012-025.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/278/1/012025
Ahmed, E. O., Ali, M. E., Aziz, A. A., & Rafi, E. M. (2017). Length-weight relationships and condition factors of five freshwater fish species in Roseires reservoir, Sudan. European Journal of Physical and Agricultural Sciences, 5(2), 26-33.
Yosuva, M., Jeyapragash, D., Manigandan, V., Machendiranathan, M., & Saravanakumar, A. (2018). Length-weight relationship and relative condition factor of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) from Parangipettai coast, southeast coast of India. Zoology and Ecology, 28(2), 94-99.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2018.1455319
Kindong, R, Dai, X. J., Tian, S. Q., Gao, C. X. (2017). Estimation of Length-weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Five Cultrinae Fish Species from Dianshan Lake, Shanghai, China. Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 9(1), 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.19026/crjbs.9.3420
Rodriguez, C., Galli, O., Olsson, D., Tellechea, J. S., & Norbis, W. (2017). Length-weight relationships and condition factor of eight fish species inhabiting the Rocha Lagoon, Uruguay. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, 65(1), 83-86.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592017107306501
Huang, F. J., Liu, M. D., Yu, L. X., & Liu, S. P. (2018). Length-weight relationships of five fish species from the Nujiang River (Salween basin), southwest China. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 34, 698-699.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13449
Muchlisin, Z. A., Fransiska, V., Muhammadar, A. A., Fauzi, M., & Batubara, A. S. (2017). Length-weight relationships and condition factors of the three dominant species of marine fishes caught by traditional beach Trawl in Ulelhee bay, Banda Aceh city, Indonesia. Croatian Journal of Fisheries, 75, 104-112.
https://doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2017-0014
Abobi, S. M. (2015). Weight-Length Models and Relative Condition Factors of Nine (9) freshwater fish species from the Yapei Stretch of the White Volta, Ghana. Elixir Applied Zoology, 79, 30427-30431.
Kiran, S. M., Vinod, K. M., Farejiya, M. K., & Bhargava, A. K. (2017). Food and Feeding Habits of Two Major Lizardfishes (Family: Synodontidae) Occurring along North-West Coast of India Between Lat. 18°-23°N. International Journal of Life Sciences Scientific, 3, 1039-1046.
https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.3.12
Kumar, M.A., Padmavati, G., & Venu, S. (2015). Food and Feeding Dynamics of Stolephorus commersonnii (Lacepede, 1803) (Family: Engraulidae) from South Andaman. Journal of Marine Biology, 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/870919
Siddik, M. A. B., Chaklader, M. R., Hanif, M. A., Islam, M. A., & Fotedar, R. (2016). Length-weight relationships of four fish species from a coastal artisanal fishery, southern Bangladesh. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 32, 1300-1302.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13181
Sarawak Forestry. (2017). Bako Buntal Bay East Asian - Australasian Flyway Network Site: Concept for Sustainable Use. Sarawak Forestry: Sarawak, Malaysia.
Kamal, A. H., Idris, M. H., Rajaee, A., & Siddique, M. A. M. (2017). Length-weight relationships of three fish species from a tropical mangrove estuary of Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 1-3.
Mahapatra, B., Pradhan, A., & Lakra, W. (2015). Morphometrics, Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Coilia dussumieri Valenciennes, 1848 from North-East Coast of India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 3(2):35-39.
Shingadia, H. (2014). Length-Weight Relationship and Relative Condition Factor of Coilia Dussumieri (Cuv. & Val.) from Neretic Waters off the Mumbai Coast. International Journal of Science and Research, 3, 354-357.
Froese, R., & Pauly, D. (2020a). Species of Coilia dussumieri in FishBase. Retrieved from https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Coilia-dussumieri.html
Froese, R., & Pauly, D. (2020b). Species of Nemapteryx nenga in FishBase. Retrieved from https://www.fishbase.se/summary/25385
Froese, R., & Pauly, D. (2020b). Species of Nibea soldado in FishBase. Retrieved from https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Nibea-soldado.html
Kahraman A.E., Göktürk D., Aydin E. (2014). Length-weight relationships of five fish species from the Sakarya River, Turkey. Annual Research and Review in Biology, 4(15), 2476-2483.
https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/2014/7513
Kamelan, T. M, Berté, S., Kouamélan, E. P., & N'Douba, V. (2014). Length-weight relationships and condition factor of fish species from Taï National Park Basins, Côte d'Ivoire. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 5(2), 18-26.
Steinberg, C. (2018). Aquatic animal nutrition: A mechanistic perspective from individuals to generations. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91767-2
Sagar M. V., Gop, A. P., & Nair, R. J. (2019). Stomach Content Analysis Techniques in Fishes. In ICAR-CMFRI-Winter School on Recent Advances in Fishery Biology techniques for Biodiversity Evaluation and Conservation. CMFRI; Kochi, Kochi, 105-115.
Jalal, K. C. A., Kamaruzzaman, B. Y., Arshad, A., Ara, R., & Rahman, M. F. (2012). Diversity and Distribution of Fishes in Tropical Estuary Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 15: 576-582.
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2012.576.582
Carpenter, E. C and Niem, E.C. (Eds). (2001). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Rome: FAO.
Joseph, M. M., & Jayaprakash, A. A. (2003) Status of Exploited Marine Fishery Resources of India. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi.
Basumatary, S., Choudhury, H., Talukdar, B., Sarma, D. (2018). Length-weight relationships (LWRs) of four freshwater fish species from the Brahmaputra and Barak river basins, northeast India. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 34, 208-209.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13536
Alam, M. M., Rahman, M. T., & Parween, S. (2014). Morphometric characters and condition factors of five freshwater fishes from Pagla river of Bangladesh. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 2(1), 14-19.
Nurul Amin S.M. & Zafar M. (2004). Studies on age, growth & virtual population analysis of Coilia dussumieri from the neretic waters of Bangladesh. Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(3), 342-344.
https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2004.342.344
Ontomwa, M. B., Okemwa, G. M., Kimani, E. N., & Clay Obota, C. (2018). Seasonal variation in the length-weight relationship and condition factor of thirty fish species from the Shimoni artisanal fishery, Kenya. WIO Journal of Marine Science, 17(1), 103-110.
Abd Hamid, M., Mansor, M., & Nor, S. A. M. (2015). Length-weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Fish Populations in Temengor Reservoir: Indication of Environmental Health. Sains Malaysiana, 44(1), 61-66.
https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2015-4401-09
Abdul, W. O., Omoniyi, I. T., Adekoya, E. O., Adeosun, F. I., Odulate, O. O., Idowu, A. A.,Olajide, A. E., & Olowe, O. S. (2016). Commercial fish species in Ogun state coastal estuary, Nigeria. Ife Journal of Agriculture, 28(1), 1-10.
Koffi, B. K., Berté, S., & Koné, T. (2014): Length-Weight Relationships of 30 Fish Species in Aby Lagoon, Southeastern Côte d'Ivoire. Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(4), 173-178.
https://doi.org/10.19026/crjbs.6.5517
Ya, N. A., Singh, H. R., Samat, A., Mohd Rashid, H. N., Ramli, N. H., Makhtar, N., & Dzakaria, N. (2015). Length-Weight Relationship of Six Fish Species from Sungai Sepang Besar River Estuary, Malaysia. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 1(1), 27-35.
Iyabo, U. B. (2014). Length weight relationship, condition factor and diet composition of brycinus nurse (Characiformes: Alestidae) in a tropical flood river basin. Continental Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 8(1), 25-34.
Jeyaraj, N., Suhaila, A., Divya, L., Baskaran, N., Santhanam, P., & Ravikumar, S. (2015). Foraging behavior patterns of four selected commercially important fish species in Kasaragod district, Northwest part of Kerala. Indo-Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1, 38-44.
Chakraborty, S., Ghosh, S., & Bhattacharyya, D. (2004). Lipid Profiles of Bhola Bhetki (Nibea soldado) Organs. Journal of Oleo Science, 53, 367-370.
https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.53.367
Kurniawan, N. A., Ambariyanto, & Suprijanto, J. (2020). Fish larva distribution and profusion in Mangunharjo and Timbulsloko mangrove ecosystem. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 429, 012029.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
