Assessment of Floristic Composition in a Rehabilitated Forest, Sarawak, Malaysia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.279.2013Keywords:
Floristic composition, forest rehabilitation, natural regeneration, secondary forestAbstract
Assessment of the floristic composition provides information on forest succession stage which is important but only relatively few information are available on the rehabilitated tropical forest. The information can provide an indication of the recovery status of the forest. The objective of this study was to assess the floristic composition of selected age stands at a rehabilitated forest situated in Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Sarawak, Malaysia. A 20 x 20 m plot (0.04 ha) was established each in stands planted in 1991, 1999, 2008 and an adjacent natural regenerating secondary forest (± 23-year-old). All stands were tagged, identified and analyzed for species composition, Importance Value (IV), species diversity and similarity. Floristic analysis showed that in the rehabilitated forest, over 50% of the total family was dominated by the Dipterocarpaceae family but only 14% in natural regenerating secondary forest. Based on the IV Index, stand year 1991 was dominated by Shorea dasyphylla (IV=155.8) while stand year 1999, 2008 and natural regenerating secondary forest were Dryobalanops beccarii (IV=156.2), Sandoricum borneense (IV=144.4) Teijsmanniodendron holophyllum (IV=115.3), respectively. The Simpson’s diversity index at the rehabilitated forest ranged from 0.82 to 0.87 compared to 0.98 at the natural regenerating secondary forest whereas the Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 2.04 to 2.29 compared to 4.23, respectively. Jaccard’s Coefficient of Similarity (Cj) between all combinations of the study plots was generally low (2.2-19.4%). Rehabilitated forest exhibited climax species community despite having lower species diversity. This can promote the conservation of these climax species.References
Brearley, F.Q., Prajadinataa, S., Kidda, P.S., Proctor, J., & Suriantata. (2004). Structure and floristics of an old secondary rain forest in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia and a comparison with adjacent primary forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 195: 385-397.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.048
Brower, J., Zar, J., & von Ende, C. (1990). Field and laboratory methods for general ecology. Third edition. Dubuque: Wm. C. Brown Publishers.
Brunig, E.F. (1970). Stand structure, physiognomy and environmental factors in some lowland forest in Sarawak. Tropical Ecology, 11: 26-43.
Gobilik, J. (2008). Stand structure and tree composition of Timbah Virgin Jungle Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Biology Conservation, 4(1), 55-66.
Grieg-Smith, P. (1957). Quantitative plant ecology. First edition. New York: Academic Press.
Husch, B., Beers, T.W., & Kershaw, J.A. (2003). Forest mensuration. Fourth edition. New York: Wiley.
Jumaat, A. & Kamarudin, I. (1992). An enumeration of one hectare of lowland dipterocarp forest at Danum Valley Field Centre, Lahad Datu, Sabah, Malaysia. In: M.N.A. Nik Majid, I.A.M. Adenan, M.Z. Hamzah & K. Jusoff (Eds.), Proceedings International Symposium on Rehabilitation of Tropical Rainforest ecosystem: research and development priorities. 2nd - 4th September, 1991, (pp. 43-56). Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Selangor: Universiti Pertanian Malaysia.
Kartawinata, K. (1994). The use of secondary forest species in rehabilitation of degraded forest lands. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 7: 76- 86.
Kochummen, K.M. (1966). Natural plant succession after farming at Sg Kroh. Malaysian Forester, 29: 170-181.
Kochummen, K.M., LaFrankie Jr, J.V., & Manokaran, N. (1990). Floristic composition of Pasoh Forest Reserve, a lowland rain forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 3(1), 1-13.
Kueh, J.H.R. (2000). An estimate of primary productivity in Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve. Master of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
Lee, H.S., Davies, S.J., LaFrankie, J.V., Tan, S., Yamakura, T., Itoh, A., Ohkubo, T., & Ashton, P.S. (2002). Floristics and structural diversity of mixed dipterocarp forest in Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal Tropical Forest Science, 14(3), 379-400.
Magurran, A.E. (1991). Ecological diversity and its measurement. New York: Chapman and Hall.
Manokaran, N. & Kochummen, K.M. (1987). Recruitment, growth and mortality of tree species in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 3: 315-330.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467400002303
Miyamoto, K., Rahajoe, J.S., Kohyama, T., & Mirmanto, E. (2007). Forest structure and primary productivity in a Bornean Heath Forest. Biotropica, 39(1), 35-42.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00231.x
Miyawaki, A. (1999). Creative ecology: restoration of native forests by native trees. Plant Biotechnology, 16(1), 15-25.
https://doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.16.15
Okimori, Y. & Matius, P. (2000). Tropical secondary forest and its succession following traditional slash-and-burn agriculture in Mencimai, East Kalimantan. In: E. Guhardja, M. Fatawi, M. Sutisma, T. Mori & S. Ohta (Eds.), Rainforest ecosystems of East Kalimantan: El Nino, drought, fire and human impacts (pp. 185-197). Tokyo: Springer-Verlag.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67911-0_16
Okuda, T., Suzuki, M., Adachi, N., Eng, S.Q., Hussein, N.A., & Manokaran, N. (2003). Effect of selective logging on canopy and stand structure and tree species composition in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Ecology and Management, 175: 297-320.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00137-8
Pielou, E.C. (1975). Ecological diversity. New York: Wiley.
Simpson, E.H. (1949). Measurement of diversity. Nature, 163: 688.
https://doi.org/10.1038/163688a0
Swaine, M.D., Lieberman, D., & Putz, F.E. (1987). The dynamics of tree populations in tropical forest: a review. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 3: 359-366.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467400002339
Verchot, L.V. & Petkova, E. (2009). The state of REDD negotiations consensus points, options for moving forward and research needs to support the process. Indonesia: Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Bogor.
Whitmore, T.C. (1984). Tropical rain forests of the Far East. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Whitmore, T.C. (1991). Tropical forest dynamics and its implications for management. In: A. Go'mez-Pompa, T.C. Whitmore & M. Hadley (Eds.), Rain Forest Regeneration and Management (pp. 67-89). U.S.A: The Parthenon Publishing Group.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
