Essential Oils from Fresh Fruits, Fruit Stalks and Stem Barks of Four Piper nigrum Varieties from Sarawak

Authors

  • Irna Syairina Sahari
  • Zaini Assim
  • Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmad
  • Ismail Bin Jusoh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.255.2013

Keywords:

P. nigrum, varieties, essential oil, GC-MS, chemometric analysis

Abstract

The variation of chemical compositions in essential oils obtained from fresh fruits, fruit stalks and stem barks of
four Piper nigrum L. varieties was analysed using capillary gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GCFID)
and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oils were extracted by
hydrodistillation Clevenger-type apparatus. The major oil constituents identified in all samples were β-elemene
(1.07-2.93%), (+)-δ-cadinene (0.58-6.20%), α-caryophyllene (1.90-6.21%), δ-elemene (0.38-13.26%), 3-carene
(0.07-16.82%) and β-caryophyllene (11.78-38.33%). All oil samples showed high content of sesquiterpenes,
whereas fruit oils from Semongok Emas and Semongok Wan yielded mostly monoterpenes. Hierarchical
clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) of the oil components revealed significant correlation
amongst individual P. nigrum oil samples.

References

Adams, R.P. (1995). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Carol Stream, IL., USA: Allured, 804pp.

Amma, S.P., Nybe, E.V., Sujatha, V.S. & Prabhakaran, P.V. (2001). Survey, evaluation and identification of black pepper cultivars. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 39: 9-12.

Barceloux, D.G. (2009). Pepper and capsaicin (Capsicum and Piper Species). Disease-a-Month, 55(6): 380-390.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2009.03.008

Det, P.A. (2008). Other pepper varieties cultivated in Sarawak. http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/sustainas/extn_pub/veggie%20pubs/Pepper%20EFS-05.pdf

Janic, J. (2007). Plant Breeding Reviews, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, 232pp.

https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470168028

Liu, J., Bi, Y., Luo, R. and Wu, X. (2011). Simultaneous UFLC-ESI-MS/MS determination of piperine and piperlonguminine in rat plasma after oral administration of alkaloids from Piper

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.08.018

longum L.: Application to pharmacokinetic studies in rats. Journal of Chromatography, B 879(27): 2885-2890.

Mammootty, K.P., Abraham, K. & Vijayaraghavan, R. (2008). Short communication: Screening black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) varieties/cultivars against Phytophthora disease in the nursery. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 46(1-2): 70-72.

Martins, A.P., Salgueiro, L., Vila, R., Tomi, F., Canigueral, S., Casanova, J., Cunha, A.P.D. & Adzet, T. (1998). Essential oils from four Piper species. Phytochemistry, 49(7): 2019-2023.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00391-4

Menon, A.N., Padmakumari, K.P. & Jayalekshmy, A. (2003). Essential oil composition of four major cultivars of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) III. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 15(3): 155-157.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2003.9712099

Menon, A.N. & Padmakumari, K.P. (2005a). Essential oil composition of four major cultivars of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) - IV. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17(2): 206-208.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2005.9698877

Menon, A.N. & Padmakumari, K.P. (2005b). Studies on essential oil composition of cultivars of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) - V. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17(2): 153-155.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2005.9698862

Pino, J.A., Aguero, J. & Fuentes, V. (2003). Chemical composition of the aerial parts of Piper nigrum L. from Cuba. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 15: 209-210.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2003.9712116

Ravindran, P.N. & Kallupurackal, J.A. (2000). Black pepper. In: Peter, K.V. (Ed.), Handbook of Herbs and Spices (pp 62 -110). Cambridge, England: Woodhead Publishing Limited.

https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203303870

Sasidharan, I. & Menon, A.N. (2010). Comparative chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of berry and leaf essential oils of Piper nigrum L. International Journal of Biological & Medical Research, 1(4): 215-218.

Tchoumbougnang, F., Jazet Dongmo Pierre, M., Sameza Modeste, L., Fombotioh, N., Wouatsa Nangue Arlette, V., Amvam Zollo Paul, H. & Menut, C. (2009). Comparative essential oils composition and insecticidal effect of different tissues of Piper capense L., Piper guineense Schum. et Thonn., Piper nigrum L. and Piper umbellatum L. grown in Cameroon. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(3): 424-431.

Downloads

How to Cite

Sahari, I. S., Assim, Z., Ahmad, F. B., & Jusoh, I. B. (2016). Essential Oils from Fresh Fruits, Fruit Stalks and Stem Barks of Four Piper nigrum Varieties from Sarawak. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 3(1), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.255.2013

Issue

Section

General