Developmental Stages of Hypopygiopsis violacea (Family: Calliphoridae), a Forensically Important Blowfly on Rat Carcass
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.228.2015Keywords:
Blowflies, small mammal, time of deathAbstract
A study on blowfly developmental stages to estimate the time of death (TOD) of small mammal had been conducted during a rainy season. During this study, fresh Muller’s rat (Sundamys muelleri) carcasses were used as the host sample, and the developmental duration of every larval stage, decomposition stages of host animal, ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded. Hypopygiopsis violacea (Family: Calliphoridae) was recorded to be the first blowfly visiting and ovipositing on the carcass after the carcass being deposited, while Chrysomya megacephala and C. ruffacies were recorded as the most dominant calliphorids present during the decomposition process. This study estimated that the time for calliphorids to complete their life cycle, from an egg to an adult was approximately twenty-three days, and the decomposition of Sundamys muelleri took about nine days. Useful information on succession and rate of development of blowfly could enhance the knowledge of the length of time elapsed since death in particular host animal.References
Ahmad, N.W., Lim, L.H., Dhang, C.C., Chin, H.C., Abdullah, A.G., Wan-Norjuliana, W.M., Kian, C.W., Jeffery, J., Hashim, R., & Mohd-Azirun, S. (2011). Comparative insect fauna succession on indoor and outdoor monkey carrions in a semi-forested area in Malaysia. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, S232-S238.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60161-5
Anderson, G.S. (2001). Insect succession on carrion and its relationship in determining time of death. In J.H. Byrd & J.L. Castner (Eds.), Forensic entomology: the utility of anthropod in legal investigation. Boca Raton, FL: CRC. Pp 143-176.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420036947.ch5
Arnaldos, M.I., Garcia, M.D., Rornera, E., Presa, J.J., & Luna, A. (2005). Estimation of postmortem interval in real cases base on experimentally obtained entomological evidence. Forensic Science International, 149: 57-65.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.04.087
Azwandi, A. & Hassan, A.A. (2009). A preliminary study on the decomposition and dipteran associated with exposed carcasses in an oil palm plantation in Bandar Baharu, Kedah, Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 26(1): 1-10.
Bharti, M. & Singh, D. (2003). Insect faunal succession on decaying rabbit carcasses from Punjab, India. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 48(5): 1133-1143.
https://doi.org/10.1520/JFS2001358
Byrne, A.L., Camann, M.A., Cyr, T.L., Catts, E.P., & Espelie, K.E. (1995). Forensic implications of biochemical differences among geographic populations of the black blow fly, Phormia regina (Meigen). Journal of Forensic Sciences, 40(3): 372-7.
https://doi.org/10.1520/JFS13789J
Campobasso, C.P. & Introna, F. (2001). The forensic entomologist in the context of the forensic pathologists' role. Forensic Science International, 120: 132-139.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00425-X
Campobasso, C.P., Di-Vella, G., & Introna, F. (2001). Factors affecting decomposition and Diptera colonization. Forensic Science International, 120: 18-27.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00411-X
Chen, C.D., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., Jeffery, J., Wan-Norjuliana, W.M., & Abdullah, A.G. (2008). Larval growth parameters and growth rates of forensically important flies, Hypopygiopsis violacea Macquart, 1835 and Chrysomya rufufacies Macquart, 1842. Tropical Medical Parasitology, 3: 97-100.
Chen. C.D., Nazni, W.A., Rosli, R., Chia, K.H.M., & Sofian-Azizun, M. (2011). First study on the larval growth parameter and growth rate of a forensically important blow fly, Hypopygiopsis violacea (Macquart, 1835) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Technology, 11: 159-163.
Chen, C.D. (2008). First report of the signal fly, Scholates sp. (Diptera: Platystomatidae) visiting animal carcasses in Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 25(3): 264-266.
Grassberger, M. & Reiter, C. (2001). Effect of temperature on Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) development with special reference to the isomegalen- and isomorphen-diagram. Forensic Science International, (1-2): 32-36.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00413-3
Greenberg, B. & Kunich, J.C. (2002). Entomology and the law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp 306.
Gruner, S.V., Slone, D.H., & Capinera, J.L. (2007). The forensically important Calliphoridae (Insecta: Diptera) of pig carrion in rural north-central Florida. Journal of Medical Entomology, 44(3): 509-515.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/44.3.509
Heo, C.C., Marwi, M.A., Mohd-Salleh, A.F., Jeffery, J., & Omar, B. (2007). A preliminary study of insect succession on a pig carcass in a palm oil plantation in Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 24(2): 23-27.
Joseph, I., Mathew, D.G., Sathyan, P., & Vargheese, G. (2011). The use of insect in forensic investigations: An overview on the scope of forensic entomology. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences, 3(2): 89-91.
https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-1475.92154
Kurahashi, H., Benjaphong, N., & Omar, B. (1997). Blowflies (Insecta: Diptera: Calliphoridae) of Malaysia and Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 5: 1-88.
Lee, H.L. & Marzuki, T.M. (1993). Preliminary observation of the occurrence of arthropods on carrion and its application to forensic entomology in Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 10: 5-8.
Lee, H.L., Krishnasamy, M., Abdullah, A.G., & Jeffery, J. (2004). Review of forensically important entomological specimens in the period of 1972-2002. Tropical Biomedicine, 21: 69-75.
Mahat, N.A., Zafarina, Z., & Jayaprakash, P.T. (2009). Influence of rain and malathion on the oviposition and development of blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) infesting rabbit carcass in Kelantan, Malaysia. Forensic Science International, 192(1): 19-28.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.07.008
Martinez, E., Duque, P., & Wolff, M. (2007). Succession pattern of carrion feeding insects in Paramo, Columbia. Forensic Science International, 166: 182-189.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.027
Matoba, K. & Terazawa, K. (2008). Estimation of the time of death of decomposed or skeletonized bodies found outdoors in cold season in Sapporo city, located on the northern district of Japan. Legal Medical, 10(2): 57-114.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2007.07.002
Moura, M.O., Carvalho, C.J.B., & Monteiro-Filho, E.L.A. (1997). A preliminary analysis of insects of medico-legal importance in Curitiba, State of Paraná. Memórias Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 92(2): 269-274.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761997000200023
Omar, B., Marwi, M.A., & Oothuman, P. (1992). Arthropod ecological succession as forensic indicators. Pascasidang Kolokium Perubatan, 3: 40-44.
Omar, B., Marwi, M.A., Sulaiman, S., & Oothuman, P. (1994). Dipteran succession in monkey carrion at rubber tree plantation in Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 11: 77-82.
Payne, J., Francis, C.M., & Phillips, K. (1985). A field guide to the mammals of Borneo. Kota Kinabalu: The Sabah Society and WWF Malaysia.
Sharma, R.K., Garg, R.K., & Gaur, J.R. (2015). Various methods for the estimation of the post mortem interval from Calliphoridae: A review. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 5(1): 1-12.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfs.2013.04.002
Slone, D.H. &. Gruner, S.V. (2007). Thermoregulation in larval aggregations of carrion-feeding blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 44(3): 516-523.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/44.3.516
Smith, K.G.V. (1986). A manual of forensic entomology. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. Pp 120-164.
Thevan, K., Hassan, A.A., & Md-Rawi, C.S. (2010). Growth of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricus) maggots in a morgue cooler. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 55(6): 1656-1658.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
