Brown Banana Leaf (Musa x paradisiaca) Improve Betta splendens Hatching, Larvae, Survival and Growth Performance While Affecting its Sex Ratio
Keywords:
Larvae culture, Ornamental fish, PhytochemicalsAbstract
The effectiveness of brown banana leaf (BBL) Musa x paradisiaca as a culture media for rearing Betta splendens larvae was investigated. Larvae (n=630, 3 days old, 6 replicates) were reared in 7 rearing medium; C1 (no leaf, control), C2 (0.7 g brown catappa leaf, positive control), T1 (0.7 g; Treatment 1), T2 (0.8 g; Treatment 2), T3 (0.9 g, Treatment 3), T4 (1.0 g, Treatment 4) and T5 (1.1 g, Treatment 5) of BBL per litre of rearing water respectively. Throughout the 80 days trial period, larvae were first fed microworms twice daily for two weeks, then Artemia for another two weeks, followed by ad libitum feeding of commercial feed twice daily. Water quality was monitored every two days, and water was changed every two weeks. The hatching rate, survival, growth parameters and sex ratio were determined after 80 days. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in all the parameters observed. The highest hatching and survival rates were found in treatment C2 (95.86%; 95.56%) and T5 (95.63%; 95.56%). For treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4, the hatching (HR) and survival rate (SR) was 85.75±7.31% (HR), 68.89±13.11% (SR); 75.54±2.04% (HR),76.67±15.64% (SR); 89.76±0.587% (HR), 74.44±22.08% (SR) and 92.63±2.23% (HR), 61.11±6.56% (SR) respectively. The lowest percentage of hatching rate was shown by C1 at 68.08±1.089% while the lowest survival rate was shown by T4. The highest specific growth rate (SGR) was T3 (6.00±0.34% day-1) (weight) and T5 (3.45±0.10% day-1) (length). The SGR for C2, TI, T2 and T4 was recorded at 5.837±0.34, 5.857±0.5, 5.81±0.429 and 5.612±0.243 % day-1 respectively. The sex ratios were skewed in 2 treatments; T1 (12 male: 19 female) and T5 (19 male: 9 female) with the rest showing no significant difference to the 50:50 (M:F) ratio. Hatching rate, SGR and sex ratio was not recorded for C1 as all larvae reached 100% mortalities after two weeks of the rearing trials. Based on the result, it is safe to conclude that BBL is a good and safe alternative/replacement to catappa leaf for usage in the aquaculture industry.
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