Unsur Alam Dalam Peribahasa Iban (Jaku’ Sempama): Satu Analisis Semantik Inkiusitif(Elements of Nature in Iban Proverbs (Jaku’ Sempama): An Inqusitive Semantics Analysis)
Abstract
Penggunaan peribahasa dalam masyarakat Iban menggambarkan bahawa masyarakat ini juga turut menjaga kesantunan berbahasa dalam memberikan teguran, nasihat atau sindiran kepada orang lain. Unsur-unsur yang digunakan dalam peribahasa juga mencerminkan dan memaparkan budaya yang terdapat pada masyarakat ini dengan mengaplikasikan pengalaman dan pengamatan mereka terhadap alam sekeliling. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menganalisis unsur alam dalam jaku’ sempama Iban menggunakan analisis semantik Inkuisitif. Kajian ini berpandukan dua objektif iaitu menyenaraikan dan mengenal pasti peribahasa Iban (jaku’ sempama) yang mengandungi unsur alam dalam penciptaannya dan menganalisis akal budi dan falsafah masyarakat Iban dalam penciptaan peribahasa Iban (jaku’ sempama) dengan menggunakan semantik Inkuisitif. Unsur alam tersebut akan dibahagikan kepada 4 domain iaitu haiwan, tumbuhan, sumber atau tenaga, dan alam semesta. Kajian ini ialah kajian kualitatif. Data korpus diperoleh dan 2 informan ditemu bual. Analisis dalam kajian ini turut menggunakan pendekatan semantik inkuisitif bagi menjelaskan makna, kognitif dan memasukkan falsafah serta akal budi masyarakat Iban berkenaan peribahasa yang dipilih. Kajian ini juga memasukkan ilmu daripada bidang lain dalam mencungkil persoalan penggunaan unsur alam dalam peribahasa Iban. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapatnya falsafah di sebalik penciptaan sesuatu peribahasa masyarakat Iban yang dapat dikaitkan dengan budaya masyarakat yang mendukung peribahasa tersebut.
Kata kunci: Akal budi, falsafah, jaku’ sempama, masyarakat Iban, semantik inkuisitif,
References
Ensiring, J. & Saleh, R. M. (2009). Jaku' dalam. Kuching, Malaysia: Tun Jugah Foundation.
Fansuri H. A. et. al. (1994). Cerita rakyat dari Kalimantan Tengah. Jakarta, Inodnesia: PT Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia.
Gedat, R., Mustafa, R.,Wahab, H.A., Osman, W.R.M., & Kamil,S.M. (2017). Kearifan tempatan: Deskripsi dan terminologi tentang 'padi' dalam masyarakat Iban di Sarawak. Pembentangan kertas di The International Conference on Language Studies 2017 (iCLS 2017), Kuching, Malaysia.
Jalaludin, N. H. (2014). Semantik dan akal budi Melayu. Bangi, Malaysia: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Joan, A. (2015). Seni pembuatan ilang dan nyabur: Kebanggaan dan simbol masyarakat Iban di Sarawak. Kota Samarahan, Malaysia: UNIMAS Publisher.
Noraini Abdul Shukor & Tengku Intan Marlina Tengku Mohd Ali. (2016). Padi sebagai tanda dalam peribahasa Melayu. Jurnal Melayu. 15(1), 26-49.
Rohman, A., Helmiyati, S., Hapsari, M., & Larasati Setyaningrum, D. (2014). Rice in health and nutrition. International Food Research Journal, 21(1), 12-18.
Sandin, B. (1980). Iban adat and augury. Penang, Malaysia: Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Sather, C. (2012). Recalling the dead, revering the ancestors: Multiple forms of ancestorship in Saribas Iban society. In P.Couderc & K. Sillander (Eds.), Ancestors in Borneo Societies: Death, Transformation, and Social Immortality (pp. 114-152). Copenhagen, Denmark: NIAS Press.
Sather, C. (1980). Symbolic elements in Saribas Iban rites of padi storage. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 53(2), 67-95.
Stearn, M. (2007). Warts and all: Straight talking advice on life's embarrassing problems. London, England: Murdoch Books.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
