DIVERSITY AND SIMILARITY AMONG CYANOBACTERIA ASSEMBLAGES FROM SELECTED AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS IN SARAWAK USING β –INDICES
Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the diversity and similarity of cyanobacterial populations in selected Sarawak aquatic ecosystem using β-indices. Eight stations including aquaculture ponds, cage cultures, waterfall and artificial lake located in Serian, Bau and Batang Ai areas were selected. A total of 43 species belonging to 30 genera of cyanobacteria were recorded. The most distributed pattern among all sampling stations belongs to the genera Chroococcus, Lyngbya, Nostoc and Oscillatoria. The highest β diversity values were found among non-contiguous stations. Besides, no identical or totally different cyanobacteria diversity values were obtained among those non-contiguous stations. The highest β diversity value (0.84) was found among stations with contrasting environmental characteristics. The wide range of β-diversity and similarity suggested that different locations and types of aquatic ecosystems may have variations in physico-chemical properties of the water and eventually lead to the different composition of cyanobacteria.References
Abang, M.Z.A.D. (2003). Taburan Alga Biru-Hijau di Persekitaran Akuatik di Kuching, Sarawak. Final Year Project. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan. Unpublished.
Aishah, S. (1996). Panduan Mengenali Alga Air Tawar. Kuala Lumpur : Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 129 pp.
Anagnostidis, K. & Komarek, J. (1985). Modern approach to the classification system of Cyanophytes. 1 - Introduction. Archive fur Hydrobiology/Algological Studies, 38/39:291 - 302.
Anagnostidis, K. & Komarek, J. (1986). Modern approach to the classification system of Cyanophytes. 2- Chroococcales. Archive fur Hydrobiology/ Algological Studies, 43: 157-226.
Anagnostidis, K. & Komarek, J. (1988). Modern approach to the classification system of Cyanophytes. 3- Oscillatoriales. Archive fur Hydrobiology/Algological Studies, 50/53: 327-472.
Anagnostidis, K. & Komarek, J. (1989). Modern approach to the classification system of
Cyanophytes. 4- Nostocales. Archive fur Hydrobiology/ Algological Studies, 56: 247-345.
Anagnostidis, K. & Komarek, J. (1991). Modern approach to the classification system of Cyanophytes. 5- Stigonematales. Algological Studies, 59: 1-73.
Bold, H.C., & Wynne, J.M. (1985). Introduction to the Algae (2nd ed). New Jersey : Prentice Hall. Inc. 720 pp.
Chorus, I. & Cavalieri, M. (2000). Cyanobacteria and Algae. In Monitoring Bathing Waters - A Practical Guide to the Design and Implementation of Assesments and Monitoring Programmes, Bartram J & Rees, eds., London : World Health Organization (WHO) Report. E & FN Spon, pp. 219-271.
Frankelin, T. (1972). Blue-green algae of some tropical reservoirs of south India. In Taxonomy and Biology of Blue-Green Algae (ed. Desikachary, T. V.), Chennai, India : University Of Madras., pp.442-447.
Goettsch, B. & Hernandez, H.M. (2006). Beta diversity and similarity among cactus assemblages in the Chihuahuan Desert. Journal of Arid Environments, 65: 513-528.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.08.008
Graham, L.E. & Wilcox, L.W. (2000). Algae. Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice-Hall, Inc. 640 pp.
Hoek, C. van den., Mann, D.G. & Jahns, H.M. (1995). Algae: An Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. 623 pp.
Koleff, P., Gaston, K.J. & Lennon, J.J. (2003). Measuring beta diversity for presence-absence data. Journal of Animal Ecology, 72: 367-382.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00710.x
Ling, H. & Tyler, P.A. (1996). A Limnological Survey of the Alligator Rivers Region. Part 2: Freshwater Algae. Australian Government Publishers, Canberra pp. 172.
Magurran, A. (1988). Ecological diversity and its measurement.. Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7358-0
Mardhiah, A. M. (2006). Cyanobacteria: Cell Isolation and Establishment of Clonal Culture. Final Year Project. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. Unpublished.
Mueller-Dombois, D. & Ellenberg, H. (1974). Aims and methods of Vegetation Ecology. New York : John Wiley & Sons. 547 pp.
Mur, L.R., Skulberg, O.M. & Utkilen, H. (1999). Chapter 2. Cyanobacteria in The Environment. In Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water: A guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management, Chorus, I. & Bartram, J. (Eds.). London : E & FN Spon on behalf of World Health Organization (WHO), pp. 15-40.
Norton, T.A., Michael, M. & Robert, A.A. (1996). Algal biodiversity. Phycologia, 35 (4): 308-326.
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-35-4-308.1
Prescott, G. W. (1978). How to Know Freshwater Algae. In : The Pictured Key Nature Series. 3rd edition. Montana, USA. : University of Montana Press, 239 pp.
Ramlah, R. (2005). Diversity of Cyanobacteria in Sarawak Lentic Zones. Final Year Project. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan. Unpublished.
Ressom, R., Song, F.S., Fitzgerald, J. Turczynowicz, L., Saadi, E., O., Roder, D., Maynard, T., & Falconer, I. (1994). Health Effects of Toxic Cyanobacteria (Blue-Green Algae). Australia : National Health & Medical Research Council, 108 pp.
Routledge, R.D. (1977). On Whittaker"s Components of diversity. Ecology, 58: 1120-1127.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1936932
Ruhana, H., Samsur, M., Othman, B., Lee, N., Stephen, S., Aileen May, R. R., Mardhiah, A. M.
& Sarah, L. (2006). Cyanobacteria Study of Selected Aquatic Environment in Sarawak and its Potential Future Research. Proceedings of the Conference on Natural Resources in the Tropics, Kuching. pp. 117-122.
Skulberg, O.M., Carmicheal, W.W., Codd, G.A. & Skulberg, R. (1993). Taxonomy of Toxin Cyanophyceae (Cyanobacteria). London : Academic Press.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-091811-2.50014-9
Stewart, W.D.P. (1973). Nitrogen fixation by photosynthetic microorganism. Annual Review of Microbiology, 27: 283-316.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.27.100173.001435
Sze, P. (1998). A Biology of the Algae. 3rd ed. Dubuque, Iowa : Wm. C. Brown Publishers/Mc Graw Hill, 278 pp.
Wetzel, R.E. (1983). Limnology. Philadelphia : Saunders College Publishing, 767 pp.
Whittaker, R.H. (1972). Evolution and measurement of species diversity. Taxon, 21: 213-251.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1218190
Wilson, M.V., Shmida, A. (1984). Measuring beta diversity with presence-absence data. Journal of Ecology, 12: 1055-1064.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2259551
Yoshinaga, I., Hitomi, T., Miura, A., Shiratani, E. & Miyazaki, T. (2006). Cyanobacteria Microcyctis Bloom in a Eutrophicated Regulating Reservoir. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 40(3): 283-289.
Copyright (c) 2016 Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright Transfer Statement for Journal
1) In signing this statement, the author(s) grant UNIMAS Publisher an exclusive license to publish their original research papers. The author(s) also grant UNIMAS Publisher permission to reproduce, recreate, translate, extract or summarize, and to distribute and display in any forms, formats, and media. The author(s) can reuse their papers in their future printed work without first requiring permission from UNIMAS Publisher, provided that the author(s) acknowledge and reference publication in the Journal.
2) For open access articles, the author(s) agree that their articles published under UNIMAS Publisher are distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work of the author(s) is properly cited.
3) For subscription articles, the author(s) agree that UNIMAS Publisher holds copyright, or an exclusive license to publish. Readers or users may view, download, print, and copy the content, for academic purposes, subject to the following conditions of use: (a) any reuse of materials is subject to permission from UNIMAS Publisher; (b) archived materials may only be used for academic research; (c) archived materials may not be used for commercial purposes, which include but not limited to monetary compensation by means of sale, resale, license, transfer of copyright, loan, etc.; and (d) archived materials may not be re-published in any part, either in print or online.
4) The author(s) is/are responsible to ensure his or her or their submitted work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright, trademark, patent, statutory right, or propriety right of others. Corresponding author(s) has (have) obtained permission from all co-authors prior to submission to the journal. Upon submission of the manuscript, the author(s) agree that no similar work has been or will be submitted or published elsewhere in any language. If submitted manuscript includes materials from others, the authors have obtained the permission from the copyright owners.
5) In signing this statement, the author(s) declare(s) that the researches in which they have conducted are in compliance with the current laws of the respective country and UNIMAS Journal Publication Ethics Policy. Any experimentation or research involving human or the use of animal samples must obtain approval from Human or Animal Ethics Committee in their respective institutions. The author(s) agree and understand that UNIMAS Publisher is not responsible for any compensational claims or failure caused by the author(s) in fulfilling the above-mentioned requirements. The author(s) must accept the responsibility for releasing their materials upon request by Chief Editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
6) The author(s) should have participated sufficiently in the work and ensured the appropriateness of the content of the article. The author(s) should also agree that he or she has no commercial attachments (e.g. patent or license arrangement, equity interest, consultancies, etc.) that might pose any conflict of interest with the submitted manuscript. The author(s) also agree to make any relevant materials and data available upon request by the editor or UNIMAS Publisher.
