Production of Agarwood Essential Oil: Study on Effectiveness Pre-Treatment Technique of Hydrodistillation Extraction
Abstract
There are many uses of agarwood trees in a number of countries around the world. However, lack in extractionprocess efficiency was affected to the lower product quality and oil yield. Therefore, this research was aimed to
investigate the effect of pre-treatment techniques of soaking with water and soaking with three fungi on
agarwood oil yield. The oils produced were compared with industrial samples. Analysis of chemical compounds
is done by using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry (GC-MS). As a result, the sample treated with fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium achieved the
highest average oil yields of 0.58% with content of 80.13% of total chemical compounds compared to sample
treated with water only consist of 0.27% oil yield and 72.58% of total chemical compounds was detected. The
sample soak with fungi is more advantageous than soak with water in terms of oil productivity, energy saving
and efficiency process. The main component present in all parameter studied were epoxybulnesene (1.64%-
7.54%), tetradecanal (1.02%-6.10%), agarospirol (0.29%-1.34%), bulnesol (0.59%-8.07%), selina-3,11-dien-9-
ol (1.10%-4.02%), oxo-agarospirol (1.12%-10.80%) and eudesmol (0.19%-9.17%).
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